采用 LES 方法结合 FW-H 声学模型计算分析了螺旋桨的近场脉动压力和远场声辐射特性。近场脉动压力分析结果表明：脉动压力频谱特性在桨盘面和桨轴方向存在差异，脉动压力幅值随着距离增大迅速衰减；若要得到螺旋桨远场辐射噪声，声压接收点的位置需至少距离螺旋桨 10 倍直径。远场噪声指向性分析结果发现：声压总级在桨轴纵向平面呈现椭圆形分布，轴向总声级比盘面周向大。此外，噪声频谱特性的分析结果发现，桨盘面和桨轴方向声辐射频率特性也存在差异。
In this paper, the near-field fluctuating pressure and far-field noise induced by a propeller is investigated with LES and FW-H method. Analysis of fluctuating pressure in near field reveal that, the frequency performace of fluctuating pressure in the disk-direction is different from that in the axis-direction. The amplitude of fluctuating pressure decreases rapidly with increasing distance. It is also found that the distance between sound pressure receiver and noise source must be longer than 10 times of propeller diameter to avoid the influence of pseudo-sound. Analysis of noise directivity in the far field reveals that, the total sound pressure level is uniform distribution in the disk plane, while that is elliptical distribution in the longitudinal plane. It is also found that the frequency characterisc of sound radiation in far filed is directivity.
2016,38(8): 34-38,42 收稿日期：2015-12-22
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7619.2016.08.007
分类号：U664.33
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51409199)
作者简介：汪利(1984-),男,高级工程师,主要从事舰船推进器噪声研究。
参考文献：
[1] 汤渭霖. 螺旋桨涡旋噪声预报[J]. 船舶力学, 1999, 3(2): 49-57.
[2] 朱锡清, 吴武生. 螺旋桨负荷噪声研究[J]. 声学学报, 1999, 24(3): 259-268.
[3] 朱锡清, 唐登海, 孙红星, 等. 船舶螺旋桨低频噪声研究[J]. 船舶力学, 2000, 4(1): 50-55.
[4] 张永坤, 熊鹰, 赵小龙. 螺旋桨无空泡噪声预报[J]. 噪声振动与控制, 2008, 28(1): 44-47.
[5] 王超. 螺旋桨水动力性能、空泡及噪声性能的数值预报研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2010.
[6] 谢剑波, 周其斗. 非均匀流场中螺旋桨线谱噪声指向性分析[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2010, 5(6): 6-11.
[7] 杨琼方, 王永生, 曾文德, 等. 大侧斜螺旋桨负载噪声的边界元数值声学方法频域内计算分析[J]. 兵工学报, 2011, 32(9): 1118-1125.
[8] 张漫. 螺旋桨无空泡噪声的数值预报研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2013.
[9] SEOL H, JUNG B, SUH J C, et al. Prediction of non-cavitating underwater propeller noise[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2002, 257(1): 131-156.
[10] SEOL H, SUH J C, LEE S. Development of hybrid method for the prediction of underwater propeller noise[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2005, 288(1/2): 345-360.
[11] SCHRAM C, MARTÍNEZ-LERA P, TOURNOUR M. Two-dimensional in-duct vortex leapfrogging as a validation benchmark for internal aeroacoustics[C]//Proceedings of the 13th AIAA/CEAS aeroacoustics conference (28th AIAA Aeroacoustics Conference). Rome, Italy: AIAA, 2007.
