利用Ansys/LS-DYNA动力分析软件模拟大型水面舰船在舱室内部爆炸情况下船体结构的加速度响应情况。炸药及空气采用欧拉网格，船体结构采用拉格朗日网格，计算采用多物质ALE算法。数值模拟中对爆炸环境进行简化，以附连水质量代替水线面下方水介质对船体结构的影响。将不同尺寸网格计算出的冲击波载荷曲线与经典经验公式对比，得到数值仿真的合理网格尺寸。采用简化模型讨论2种边界约束条件对各层平台加速度峰值响应的影响，得到较为合适的约束条件。计算得到沿船长方向船体结构加速度分布并与实验结果相比较，数值仿真计算得到的加速度峰值与实验数据较为吻合，表明仿真中对于空爆载荷及约束条件等冲击环境的模拟合理。
Based on a vessel explosion experiment data, Ansys/LS-DYNA dynamic analysis software is used to simulate the vessel acceleration response of internal explosion. The finite element modeling is built in Ansys with Lagrange grid, TNT dynamite and air with Euler grid. The multi-material ALE algorithm is adopted in calculation. The effect of water field is replaced by added mass of entrained water. The results of shock wave simulations are compared with the classic experience formula and the reasonable grid division is given. Use simplified models to discuss the effect of boundary condition in acceleration to get more appropriate constraints. The analysis results show that it is feasible to use Ansys/LS-DYNA to simulate the impact environment in air and analyze the dynamic response of vessels under this situation, which can provide a basis for shock resistance of the vessels.
2016,38(11): 8-13 收稿日期：2016-03-04
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7619.2016.11.002
分类号：U663.2
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（10702022）；华中科技大学青年教师基金资助项目（0114140034）
作者简介：夏极(1982-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为舰船动力装置自动化及仿真技术。
参考文献：
[1] 张秀华, 张达. 基于Euler算法的TNT炸药空中爆炸数值模拟研究[C]//第23届全国结构工程学术会议论文集. 兰州: 中国力学学会, 2014.ZHANG Xiu-hua, ZHANG Da. Blast shock wave characteristics and propagation law of internal gas explosion[C]//The Corpus of 23th National Structural Engineering Academic Meeting., Lanzhou: Chinese Society of Mechanics, 2014.
[2] 孔祥韶, 吴卫国, 李晓彬, 等. 舰船舱室内部爆炸的数值模拟研究[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2009, 4(4): 7-11.KONG Xiang-shao, WU Wei-guo, LI Xiao-bin, et al. Numerical simulation of cabin structure under inner explosion[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2009, 4(4): 7-11.
[3] 岳永威, 王超, 王奂钧. 计及水流场效应的军辅船空爆毁伤特性[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2013, 35(1): 16-21, 64.YUE Yong-wei, WANG Chao, WANG Huan-jun. Research on damage effect of military auxiliary vessels subject to the air explosion load considering water flow[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2013, 35(1): 16-21, 64.
[4] 刘紫嫣, 王超, 岳永威, 等. 空爆载荷作用下舰船结构总强度分析[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2012, 34(12): 46-50.LIU Zi-yan, WANG Chao, YUE Yong-wei, et al. Total strength analysis of warship structure under air explosive load[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2012, 34(12): 46-50.
[5] JOHNSON G R, COOK W H. A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains, high strain rates and high temperatures[C]// Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ballistics. Netherlands: The Hague, 1983.
[6] 江帆. 空爆载荷作用下舰船结构动态响应研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2011.JIANG Fan. Research on dynamic response of warship structure under explosion loading in the air[D]. Harbin: Harbin Engineering University, 2011.
[7] 金咸定, 夏利娟. 船体振动学[M]. 上海: 上海交通大学出版社, 2011.
[8] LSTC. LS-DYNA keyword user's manual, version 971[Z]. LSTC, 2005.
[9] 张社荣, 李宏璧, 王高辉, 等. 空中和水下爆炸冲击波数值模拟的网格尺寸效应对比分析[J]. 水利学报, 2015, 46(3): 298-306.ZHANG She-rong, LI Hong-bi, WANG Gao-hui, et al. Comparative analysis of mesh size effects on numerical simulation of shock wave in air blast and underwater explosion[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2015, 46(3): 298-306.
[10] 张秀华, 张达. 基于Euler算法的TNT炸药空中爆炸数值模拟研究[C]//第23届全国结构工程学术会议论文集. 兰州: 中国力学学会, 2014.ZHANG Xiu-hua, ZHANG Da. Blast shock wave characteristics and propagation law of internal gas explosion[C]//The Corpus of 23th National Structural Engineering Academic Meeting., Lanzhou: Chinese Society of Mechanics, 2014.
[11] 亨利其J. 爆炸动力学及其应用[M]. 熊建国, 译. 北京: 科学出版社, 1987.
