船舶在航运过程中为了节能减排并获得最大的经济效益，往往希望以同样的速度、同样的排水量行驶时能有更小的阻力，通过调节船舶纵倾角度来改变船舶的航态，进而减少船舶阻力是一种简单有效的方法。以180 000 DWT散货船在设计吃水设计航速平浮航态为基础，对船舶分别进行不同角度的首倾和尾倾的调节，在Fluent中用k-ε和k-ω两种湍流模型分别求解RANS方程组，计算出不同倾角下船舶阻力值。并通过相同工况下模型试验来验证计算结果，得出针对本180 000 DWT散货船而言，通过改变船舶纵倾角可以减少船舶阻力的结论。
During the opratation of shipping, in order to achieve energy-saving emission reduction and the maximum economic benefits, people often hope that under the same loading and the same speeds, the ship could cosume less oil. Adjusting the ship trim angle to reduce the sailing state of ship is a good method simple and effective. Based on the 180 000 DWT bulk carrier at design draft as well as design speed on flat floating state, we adjust the ship pitch and stern, and through the fluent numerical simulation and model experiment to study the different trim effects on ship resistance. Using k-ε and k-ω two turbulence models to solving RANS equation in fluent, calculating the resistance and the increase or reduction rate, together with the experiment date and join the conclusion.
2016,38(12): 48-52 收稿日期：2016-02-09
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7619.2016.12.010
分类号：U661
基金项目：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目
作者简介：宋磊(1991-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为船舶水动力性能。
参考文献：
[1] SUBRAMANI A K, PATERSON E G, STERN F. CFD calculation of sinkage and trim[J]. Journal of Ship Research, 2000, 44(1):59-82.
[2] YANG C, LÖHNER R. Calculation of ship sinkage and trim using a finite element method and unstructured grids[J]. International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics, 2002, 16(3):217-227.
[3] GORSKI J J, HAUSSLING H J, PERCIVAL A S, et al. The use of a RANS code in the design and analysis of a naval combatant[C]//Proceedings of the 24th ONR Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics. Fukuoka, Japan, 2002.
[4] HINO T. Shape optimization of practical ship hull forms using navier-stokes analysis[C]//Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Numerical Ship Hydrodynamics. Nantes, France:Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 1999.
[5] 高高, 邹璐. 大方形系数双尾船浅水下沉量与纵倾计算[J]. 船海工程, 2007, 36(6):15-17. GAO Gao, ZOU Lu. Numerical calculation of sinkage and trim for high-block ships with twin-skeg navigating in shallow water[J]. Ship & Ocean Engineering, 2007, 36(6):15-17.
[6] 董文才, 刘志华, 吴晓光, 等. 滑行艇波浪中纵向运动理论预报的新方法[J]. 船舶力学, 2007, 11(1):55-61. DONG Wen-cai, LIU Zhi-hua, WU Xiao-guang, et al. A new theoretical method on longitudinal motion of planing craft in wave[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2007, 11(1):55-61.
[7] 董文才, 岳国强. 深V型滑行艇纵向运动试验研究[J]. 船舶工程, 2004, 26(2):14-16. DONG Wen-cai, YUE Guo-qiang. Experimental study on longitudinal motion of deep-V-shaped planning craft[J]. Ship Engineering, 2004, 26(2):14-16.
[8] 吴明, 王骁, 杨波, 等. 舰船任意吃水——纵倾组合浮态阻力计算的CFD方法[C]//中国航海学会海洋船舶驾驶专业委员会2009年度学术研讨会论文集. 大连:中国航海学会, 2009.
[9] 王福军. 计算流体动力学分析:CFD软件原理与应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2004:124.
[10] 邵世明, 赵连恩, 朱念昌. 船舶阻力[M]. 北京:国防工业出版社, 1995.
