深海中当声源位于海表面附近时，在远离声源处会形成高声强焦散的会聚区。在现代水声技术应用中，可以利用水下声道中的会聚区来实现深海目标的远程探测。本文对会聚区的形成条件和会聚区目标相对声强的特性进行分析，结果表明：只有当声速极小值存在并且声线出射角满足一定条件时才会形成会聚区效应；会聚区中相对声强水平分布具有双峰结构；当接收深度与目标深度相同时相对声强会出现峰值，这为深海目标的深度判定提供了一种方法。
When the sound source is located near the surface in the deep ocean, there will be strong caustics convergence zone far away from the sound source. In modern underwater acoustic technology application,we can use the underwater channels convergence zone to achieve the goal of long-range detection of target in the deep ocean. In this paper, we analysis the formation conditions of convergence zones and the target relative sound intensity characteristic in convergence zones, the results shows:only when the minimum speed of sound exist and the exit angle of ray satisfies certain conditions can there be a convergence zone effect. Relative sound intensity level distribution has a bimodal structure in the convergence zone. When the receiving depth and the target depth are of the same, the relative sound intensity peak appears, and this provides a method for determining the depth of the deep target.
2016,38(12): 131-134 收稿日期：2016-03-29
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7619.2016.12.026
分类号：TB566
作者简介：杨刚(1988-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为声呐装备及军事应用。
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