船舶操纵性主要通过性能优良的舵保证。研究开发性能优良的舵型，改善舵的水动力性能，对提高船舶操纵性十分重要。通过研究，本文提出一种新型实用的直尾舵，它是在普通流线型舵的后缘加装一块平直的尾板而成，称之为直尾板。基于CFD软件Fluent计算了舵球舵、制流板舵、鱼尾舵和直尾舵的水动力性能系数，并对比分析了直尾舵的水动力性能优缺点。相比舵球舵和制流板舵，直尾舵的正车水动力性能有较大幅度的提高，比鱼尾舵的水动力性能略差。但是，直尾舵的倒车性能优于鱼尾舵和制流板舵。因此，直尾舵属于正车、倒车水动力综合性能最好的组合舵。
The maneuverability of modern ship is guaranteed by rudders. To satisfy the maneuverability requirement, a high performance design of rudder is very vital. In this paper, a new and practical type of rudder is raised up, named Tail plate rudder. It can be simply refitted into a Tail plate rudder by installing a straight plate behind a common streamlined rudder, and call it Tail plate. The CFD software FLUENT is adapted to calculate the hydrodynamic performances of Rudder-bubble rudder, Swash plate rudder, Schilling rudder and Tail plate rudder, then the advantages and disadvantages of Tail plate rudder are discussed. Comparing to Rudder-bubble rudder and Swash plate rudder, Tail plate rudder has a great progress on ahead-condition, but never better than Schilling rudder. However, Tail plate rudder has a better astern-condition performance than Schilling rudder and Swash plate rudder. Therefore, Tail plate rudder is a built-up rudder which has the best overall performances.
2017,39(9): 17-22 收稿日期：2016-12-06
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2017.09.004
分类号：U661.1
作者简介：欧礼坚(1974-),男,博士,讲师,研究方向为船舶安全与绿色节能技术
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