船舶动力技术水平关系到国家经济发展与军事安全，其中实现其发动机排气余热高效利用是一项关键技术。船舶具有多种余热利用的途径，现代船舶对于电能的需求越来越大，利用余热进行发电具有前景。超临界二氧化碳具有良好的密度和流动特性，可在中低温区实现高效的涡轮机械作功，相比温差发电或燃气轮机发电具有明确的效率优势。本文对比分析了超临界二氧化碳涡轮发电的发展现状和关键技术，并针对船舶参数开展30 kW级超临界二氧化碳涡轮发电机的研制，在氮吹试验中实现了36 kW/36.5 kr/min的功率输出，可进一步验证并推进超临界二氧化碳涡轮发电在船舶余热利用上的发展。
The level of ship power equipment is key issue of State economy and military. One of the key technologies is waste-heat utilization of engine exhaust emission. Electrical energy is more and more important in modern ship, generating electricity from the waste heat is promising. With good characteristic of density and fluxion, supercritical carbon dioxide shows efficient power ability in the low temperature zone, having huge advantage than thermoelectric and combustion gas turbine. The development and technology are investigated of supercritical carbon dioxide turbine generator. A 30 kWs prototype is developed according to the ship parameters. The turbine generator maximum outputs 36 kW/36.5 kr/min during experiment using nitrogen, which can make advance on waste-heat utilization in ship.
2017,39(10): 84-87 收稿日期：2017-02-21
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2017.10.016
分类号：TG172
作者简介：李沛剑(1979-),男,工程师,研究方向为导弹总体及伺服技术
参考文献：
[1] DAVID P, SIMON N. The development and application of the rolls-royce MT30 marine gas turbine[C]//ASME Turbo Expo, 2011
[2] 黄建新. 船舶动力装置发展新趋势探讨[J]. 科技论坛, 2016, 6:19-21. HUANG Jian-xin. The new trend investigation of ship engines system[J]. Pioneering with Science & Technology Monthly, 2016, 6:19-21.
[3] 陈秋成. 船舶动力装置的余热利用分析[J]. 中国水运, 2010, 10(7):112-113. CHEN Qiu-cheng. Analysis of waste-heat utilization based ship engines system[J]. China Water Transport, 2010, 10(7):112-113.
[4] 李红霞, 张文孝, 任莉. 船舶动力装置的余热利用研究综述[J]. 造船技术, 2013, (2):4-5. LI Hong-xia, ZHANG Wen-xiao, REN Li. The research of waste-heat utilization based ship engines system[J]. Shipbuilding Technology, 2013, (2):4-5.
[5] 莫文火. 混合动力船舶发电系统的设计与研究[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2016, 38(2):55-56. MO Wen-huo. Design and research of hybrid power generation system[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2016, 38(2):55-56.
[6] 李徐嘉, 刘云生. 舰用燃气轮机发电机组发展概述[J]. 船电技术, 2014, 34(4):49-52. LI Xu-jia, LIU Yun-sheng. The development of warship's gas turbine generator[J]. Ship-electricity Technology, 2014, 34(4):49-52.
[7] 唐豪杰, 孙鑫强. 发电燃气轮机效率分析及提高措施[J]. 燃气轮机技术, 2007, 20(4):19-24. TANG Hao-jie, SUN Xin-qiang. The efficiency analysis and improving measures of a gas turbine used for driving electric generator[J]. Gas Turbine Technology, 2007, 20(4):19-24.
[8] 高峰, 孙嵘, 刘水根. 二氧化碳发电前沿技术发展简述[J]. 海军工程大学学报, 2015, 12(4):92-96. GAO Feng, SUN Rong, LIU Shui-gen. Introductiion of supercritical CO2 power generation technology[J]. Journal of Naval University of Engineering, 2015, 12(4):92-96.
