海洋环境水下地震波是水中目标探测、海底地壳活动及勘探等领域的重要研究方向。本文利用地震波传感器对我国部分海域环境地震波进行观测，并用爆炸声源对已知信号进行海上测试。经分析可得：根据不同震源可将环境地震波从频率上分为长周期波、远震、近震、航线等，航线地震波与其他噪声相比在5 Hz以上有明显宽频信号；同一海域，远震、近震和航线等环境地震波受水深影响较大；深海环境地震波噪声较低，且深海比浅海舰船地震波探测距离增加1倍以上；单传感器接收时地震波传感器接收信号信噪比高于水听器；爆炸声源地震波水平分量信噪比大于垂直分量，极化特征明显。
Monitoring and analysis of the marine underwater seismic field have been widely paid attention by underwater object detection, marine geology and geophysics exploration. In this study, the marine underwater seismic field has been measured by seismic sensors in different sea areas. And the seismic field of the explosion sonic source has been measured. It is found that the marine underwater seismic field is divided into four types according to different sources. And the seismic field of the sailing course exists wide band signal in the frequency greater than 5 Hz. The marine seismic fields of teleseism and near earthquake and sailing course are biggish influenced by the depth of sea. The noise of marine seismic field in blue water is lower than in shallow water. And the detection distance in blue water is twice in shallow water. The signal-to-noise of the seismic field is greater than the hydro acoustics. The signal-to-noise of the horizontal component is greater than the perpendicular component of the seismic field of the explosion sonic source. The polarization of horizontal component is linear.
2017,39(10): 122-126 收稿日期：2016-12-04
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2017.10.024
分类号：U665.26
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（41274051）
作者简介：吴云超(1979-),男,高级工程师,研究方向为目标和环境特性
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