为研究水下双层圆柱壳结构全频段声振特性，基于VA-ONE建立了FE-BEM混合法、FE-SEA混合法及SEA法3种不同的计算模型，进行了不同辐射介质中辐射声功率及外壳振速的计算，并进一步研究了内外壳及肋板厚度、约束条件、激励位置及层间流体对双层圆柱壳声辐射特性的影响；基于FE-BEM混合法研究了圆柱壳结构的声散射特性；研究了肋板在结构振动能量传递中的作用，提出了2种阻尼肋板的减振降噪方案并进行相关仿真分析。结果表明：重流体能够抑制结构的振动，但由于重流体声阻抗较大，结构的辐射声功率变大；结构声散射曲线在某些频率处出现峰值，且峰值频率与结构自身的固有特性有关；阻尼肋板能得到较好的减振降噪效果，工程上建议使用金属聚氨酯阻尼肋板。
In order to study the acoustic vibration characteristics of underwater double layered cylindrical shells in the whole frequency band, three different calculation models are established based on VA-ONE, which are hybrid FE-BEM method, hybrid FE-SEA method and hybrid SEA method; the radiated sound power and the vibration velocity of the shell in different radiation medium were calculated. The effects of inner and outer shell and ribbed plate thickness, constraint condition, incentive position and inter layer fluid on the sound radiation characteristics of double cylindrical shell are further studied. Study acoustic scattering characteristics of double cylindrical shell structures based on FE-BEM hybrid method. The function of the ribbed plate in the structural vibration energy transmit is further studied, put forward two vibration and noise reduction schemes of damping boards and carry out corresponding simulation analysis. The results show that heavy fluid can suppress the vibration of structure, however, because of the large acoustic impedance of the heavy fluid, the radiated sound power of structure becomes larger. The peak value of the structure acoustic scattering curve appears at some frequencies, and the peak frequency is related to the inherent characteristics of the structure itself. The damping ribbed plate can get better vibration and noise reduction effect, metal polyurethane damping ribbed plate is recommended to use in engineering.
2017,(): 9-16 收稿日期：2017-01-10
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2017.11.003
分类号：TB532
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51079118，51279148）
作者简介：张波(1993-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为振动与噪声控制
参考文献：
[1] 李海峰, 朱石坚, 翁雪涛. 轴承刚度及间距对水下结构声振特性影响研究[J]. 船舶工程, 2016(9): 57-61.
LI Hai-feng, ZHU Shi-jian, WENG Xue-tao. Research on effects of shaft bearing stiffness and spacing on vibra-acoustic radiation of underwater structure[J]. Ship Engineering, 2016(9):57-61.
[2] 张阳阳, 楼京俊, 朱石坚. 弹性板-圆柱壳水下声辐射特性及影响因素[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2016, 38(11): 44-47.
ZHANG Yang-yang,LOU Jing-jun,ZHU Shi-jian. Underwater acoustic radiation characteristics and influencing factors of elastic plate-cylindrical shell[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2016, 38(11):44-47.
[3] 和卫平, 陈美霞, 高菊, 等. 基于统计能量法的环肋圆柱壳中、高频振动与声辐射性能数值分析[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2008, 3(6): 7-12.
HE Wei-ping,CHEN Mei-xia,GAO Ju,et al. Numerical analysis of middle-high frequency vibration and sound radiation from a ring-stiffened cylindrical shell by SEA[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2008, 3(6):7-12.
[4] 谭路, 纪刚, 周其斗, 等. 基于波数谱的双层圆柱壳外壳振动与声辐射特性分析[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2015, 10(6): 68-73.
TAN Lu,JI Gang,ZHOU Qi-dou,et al. Analysis on the vibration and sound radiation characteristics of double cylindrical shells using wave number spectrums[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2015,10(6):68-73.
[5] 姚熊亮, 计方, 钱德进, 等. 壳间连接介质对双层壳声辐射性能的影响[J]. 声学技术, 2009, 28(3): 312-317.
YAO Xiong-liang,JI Fang,QIAN De-jin,et al. The effect of linked materials on the sound radiation from double cylindrical shell[J]. Technical Acoustics, 2009,28(3):312-317.
[6] 夏齐强, 陈志坚. 降低加肋双层圆柱壳辐射噪声线谱的结构声学设计[J]. 声学学报, 2014(5): 613-623.
XIA Qi-qing,CHEN Zhi-jian.Structural-acoustic design to depress line spectrum of radiation noise from double cylindrical ring stiffened shell[J].Acta Acustica, 2014(5):613-623.
[7] CARESTA M, KESSISSOGLOU N J. Structural and acoustic responses of a fluid-loaded cylindrical hull with structural discontinuities[J]. Applied Acoustics, 2009, 70(7): 954-963.
[8] SHORTER P J, LANGLEY R S. On the reciprocity relationship between direct field radiation and diffuse reverberant loading[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2005, 117(1): 85-95.
[9] SHORTER P J, LANGLEY R S. Vibro-acoustic analysis of complex systems[J]. Journal of Sound & Vibration, 2005, 288(3): 669-699.
[10] LANGLEY R S, CORDIOLIJ A. Hybrid deterministic-statistical analysis of vibro-acoustic systems with domain couplings on statistical components[J]. Journal of Sound & Vibration, 2009, 321(3-5): 893-912.
