基于深海大洋在地球气候系统中的重要作用，国际上陆续提出并实施了一系列以深海大洋为核心的重大研究计划，目前自沉式剖面浮标因具备高分辨率采样观测的能力，被广泛应用于对深海大洋环境的观测研究中。为了增大浮标在运动过程中体积变化范围，本文提出一种在普通APEX浮标上加装N2蓄能器的改变浮标浮力的方式，给出其工作原理图，结合其工作环境推导出浮标匀速运动时的速度方程，得出普通浮标和氮气浮标上浮运过程中的瞬时加速度以及速度随时间的变化曲线，并比较分析蓄能器对浮标上浮运动的影响。
Because of the importance of the deep ocean in the earth climate system, a series of research projects which take the deep ocean as the core have been put forward and implemented in the world. The float has been generally used in deep ocean observation research in consideration of its high-resolution observation ability. In order to broaden the variation range of the volume of the float, a new type float named N2 float which is equipped with N2 energy accumulator basing the normal APEX float has been devised. The schematic diagram of this float would be proposed. The formulation of the uniform motion of the float would be given by doing mechanical analysis, and the volume of the float needed for floating would be calculated, the figures of accelerated velocity-time history and velocity-time history of the normal type and new type float would be deduced, the figures would be compared and the influence of the energy accumulator would be analyzed.
2018,40(3): 42-48 收稿日期：2017-05-18
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2018.03.008
分类号：U661.31
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（41527901）
作者简介：邹一麟(1992-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事水下潜水器水动力方面的研究
参考文献：
[1] 卢少磊, 孙朝辉, 刘增宏, 等. COPEX和HM2000与APEX型剖面浮标比测试验及资料质量评价[J]. 海洋技术学报, 2016, (1):84-92.LU Shao-lei, SUN Chao-hui, LIU Zeng-hong, et al. Comparative testing and data quality evaluation for COPEX, HM2000 and APEX profiling buoys[J]. Journal of Ocean Technology, 2016, (1):84-92.
[2] 李志伟, 崔维成. 水下滑翔机水动力外形研究综述[J]. 船舶力学, 2012, 7:829-837.
[3] 曾庆礼, 张宇文, 赵加鹏. 水下滑翔机总体设计与运动分析[J]. 计算机仿真, 2010, 1:1-5, 16.
[4] 朱伯康, 刘仁清, 许建平. 一种专门用于低纬度洋区观测的Argo剖面浮标[J]. 海洋技术, 2009, 4:123-125.
[5] 黄昆仑, 庞永杰, 苏玉民, 等. 潜器线性水动力系数计算方法研究[J]. 船舶力学, 2008, 5:697-703.HUANG Kun-lun, PANG Yong-jie, SU Yu-ming, et al. Research on linearity hydrodynamic coefficients calculation method of submergible vehicle[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2008, 5:697-703.
[6] 赵宝强, 王晓浩, 姚宝恒, 等. 水下滑翔机三维定常运动建模与分析[J]. 海洋技术学报, 2014, 1:11-18.
[7] ZHANG Shao-wei, YU Jian-cheng, ZHANG Ai-qun, et al. Spiraling motion of underwater gliders:Modeling, analysis, and experimental results[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2013, 60(3):1-13.
[8] L. 普朗特, K. 奥斯瓦提奇, K. 维格哈特著,. 郭永怀, 陆士嘉, 译. 流体力学概论(1版)[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1981.
[9] 王世明, 吴爱平, 马利娜. 剖面探测浮标上浮运动研究[J]. 船舶工程, 2010, 6:57-59, 81.WANG Shi-ming, WU Ai-ping, MA Li-na. Study on buoy with floating movement by section detection[J]. Ship Engineering, 2010, 6:57-59, 81.
[10] 李庆扬, 王能超, 易大义. 数值分析(5版)[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2008.
[11] Clever B. Moler. MATLAB数值计算[M]. 张志涌. 修订版:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2013.
[12] VERBRUGGHE T, KORTENHAUS A, DE ROUCK J. Numerical modelling of control strategies and accumulator effect of a hydraulic power take-off system[C]//OCEANS 2015- Genova, Genoa, 2015, 1-10.
