本文研究了利用粒子群优化算法进行自适应方向图控制的综合方法，给出了自适应阵列处理的数学模型以及LCMV自适应波束形成器的数学表达，介绍了粒子群优化算法的基本思想和算法流程。结合粒子群优化算法和自适应方向图控制的相关知识，本文提出一种基于多虚拟干扰源的改进粒子群算法并将其应用于LCMV自适应波束形成器以提升其性能并进行自适应方向图控制。仿真结果表明，该方法可有效改善LCMV自适应波束形成方法在多重干扰情况下零陷生成效果不佳、低快拍下性能较差等缺点，改善输出信干噪比，并在加深零陷和降低旁瓣等方面效果显著。
This paper describes the synthesis method of pattern control in adaptive arrays by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the conceptual overview and detailed explanation of PSO algorithm. The mathematical model of adaptive array processing and mathematical expression of linearly constraint minimum variance adaptive beamformer are given. Combining particle swarm optimization and adaptive pattern control, a modified PSO algorithm based on multiple artificial interferers is proposed in this paper to enhance the LCMV adaptive beamformer and control the adaptive beam pattern. The design examples show that the proposed algorithm is capable of obtaining higher SINR and steer deep and wide nulls at specific directions effectively. The performance of linearly constraint minimum variance adaptive beamformer is poor when multiple access interference is existing and the size of data snapshots is small and these shortages are improved by using the algorithm proposed in this paper.
2018,40(9): 111-115 收稿日期：2017-11-21
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2018.09.021
分类号：TB566
作者简介：唐寅洲(1993-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水声信号处理研究
参考文献：
[1] 王永良, 丁前军, 李荣锋. 自适应阵列处理[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2009.
[2] APPLEBAUM S P. Adaptive arrays[C]//IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1976, 24(5):585-598.
[3] FROST O L. An algorithm for linear constrained adaptive array processing[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1972, 60(8):926-935.
[4] GUNEY K, DURMUS A. Pattern nulling of linear antenna arrays using backtracking search optimization algorithm[J]. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2015.
[5] DARZI S, SIEH T KIONG, TARIQUL ISLAM M, et al. Null steering of adaptive beamforming using linear constraint minimum variance assisted by particle swarm optimization, dynamic mutated artificial immune system, and gravitational search algorithm[J]. The Scientific World Journal, 2014.
[6] GHADIAN M, JABBARIAN-JAHROMI M, KAHAEI M Recursive sparsitybased mVDR algorithm for interference cancellation in sensor arrays[J]. IETE Journal of Research, 2015, 1-9.
[7] CHEN Y L, LEE J H. Finite data performance analysis of LCMV antenna array beamformers with and without signal blocking[J]. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, 2012, 130:281-317.
[8] 焦永昌, 杨科, 陈胜兵. 粒子群优化算法用于阵列天线方向图综合设计[J]. 电波科学学报, 2006, 21(1):16-20 JIAO Yong-chang, YANG Ke, CHEN Sheng-bing. Application of particle swarm optimization in antenna array pattern synthesis[J]. Chinese Journal of Radio Science, 2006, 21(1):16-20
[9] LU, Y YEO B K. Adaptive wide null steering for digital beamforming array with the complex coded genetic algorithm[C]//IEEE Int. Conf. Phased Array Systems and Technology, 557-560, Dana Point CA, USA, 2000.
[10] KARABOGA, D, GUNEY K, AKDAGLI A. Antenna array pattern nulling by controlling both the amplitude and the phase using modifled touring ant colony optimisation algorithm[J]. Int. Journal of Electronics, 2004, 91, 241-251.
[11] MURINO V, TRUCCO A, REGAZZONI C S. Synthesis of equally spacedarrays by simulated annealing[J]. IEEE Trans. Signal Process., 1996, 44(1):119-122.
[12] PAPPULA L, GHOSH D. Linear antenna array synthesis for wirelesscommunications using particle swarm optimization[C]//15th International Conference on Advanced Computing Technologies, Rajampet, India, 2013, 780-783.
[13] KENNEDY J, EBERHART R, Particle swarm optimization[C]//IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks, 1995, 4.
[14] M. ABIDO Optimal design of power-system stabilizers using particle swarm optimization[C]//IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2002.
[15] ZAVALA A, DIHARCE E Particle evolutionary swarm for design reliability optimization[C]//Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2005.
[16] OMRAN M, SALMAN A, ENGELBRECHT A. Dynamic clustering using particle swarm optimization with application in image segmentation[C]//Pattern Analysis & Applications, 2006.
[17] 王维博. 粒子群优化算法研究及其应用[D]. 成都:西南交通大学, 2012.
[18] KHODIER M M, C G CHRISTODOULOU. Linear array geometry synthesis with minimum sidelobe level and null control using particle swarm optimization[C]//IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2005, 53, 2674-2679.
