螺旋桨激励力引起的桨-轴-艇耦合系统低频振动为舰船声辐射的主要组成之一，一般难以有效抑制，已成为制约舰船声隐身性能提升的重要问题。目前抑制舰船低频振动声辐射的有效手段是减小螺旋桨激励力通过轴系向艇体传递，而主动控制由于在低频振动控制方面具有较强的优越性，自然地成为一条重要的新途径，为此急需开展轴系纵向振动主动控制相关技术研究。本文详细总结了国内外舰船轴系纵向振动产生机理、控制方案及主要差距，论述了轴系纵向振动主动控制基本原理与建模方法，首次系统阐述了适合工程应用的轴系纵向振动主动控制策略及自适应算法，给出了轴系纵向振动主动控制试验验证案例，结果表明主动控制效果明显，并基于现有研究成果对舰船轴系纵向振动主动控制技术未来的发展方向提出建议，为解决舰船低频振动声辐射问题提供参考和指导。
The propeller-shafting-hull coupled vibration due to the propeller excitation is the main reason of the low frequency vibration and noise radiation of naval marine, which is very difficult to be controlled. It has become an important bottleneck restricting the acoustic stealth performance of ships. At present, the effective means to restrain the low-frequency vibration acoustic radiation of ships is to reduce the transmission of the thrust pulsation to the hull. Being provided with the advantage, the active control method will be an important and new approach. So it is urgently needed for research on the longitudinal vibration control of shafting. In this paper, the mechanism, control scheme and main difference of the longitudinal vibration of ship shafting at home and abroad are summarized. The basic principle and modeling method of axial longitudinal vibration control are discussed. Main control strategy and adaptive control algorithm of active vibration system for engineering applications are first introduced. The case of active control test for axial vibration of shafting is given, and the test results show that the control effect is obvious. Finally, the deep research suggestions of active control the longitudinal vibration of propulsion shaft system are put forward, which providing reference and guidance for solving low frequency vibration and noise of naval marine.
2018,40(11): 1-8 收稿日期：2018-02-26
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2018.11.001
分类号：U664.33
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51609226）
作者简介：黄志伟(1982-),男,博士,工程师,研究方向为舰船减振降噪技术
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