与传统的声压水听器相比，矢量水听器(AVS)可以同时、共点接收水下声场的声压和振速信息，利用单个水听器可以估计出目标的方位（DOA）信息。本文将MUISIC方位估计方法和粒子滤波（Particle Filtering，PF）跟踪方法结合，给出一种高效的水下运动目标的实时方位跟踪方法（PF-MUSIC），仿真对比分析了MUSIC方法和PF-MUISC方法的方位跟踪性能，并通过海上试验验证了跟踪方法的实用性。结果表明：PF-MUSIC法的计算量远小于MUSIC方法，PF-MUSIC方法的误差更小并且跟踪曲线更平滑，适用于对水下目标的实时方位跟踪。
Compared with the traditional sound pressure sensor, the AVS can simultaneously and totally receive the sound pressure and vibration velocity information of underwater sound field. Using a single hydrophone can estimate the DOA information. In this paper, the MUISIC method of azimuth estimation is combined with PF tracking method (PF-MUSIC). We present an efficient real-time bearing tracking method (PF-MUSIC) for underwater targets. The DOA tracking performance of MUSIC method and PF- MUISC method is compared and analyzed through simulation. The practicability of the tracking method was verified by offshore experiments. The results show that the computational complexity of the PF-MUISC method is much smaller than that of the MUSIC method. The error of PF-MUSIC method is smaller and the tracking curve is smoother. It is suitable for real-time azimuth tracking of underwater targets.
2018,40(11): 134-138 收稿日期：2018-01-08
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2018.11.027
分类号：TP391
作者简介：周彤(1991-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事舰艇辐射噪声测试相关工作
参考文献：
[1] 王之程, 陈宗岐, 于沨, 等. 舰船噪声测量与分析[M]. 北京:国防工业出版社. 2004.
[2] KRIM H, VIBERG M. Two decades of array signal processing research:the parametric approach[J]. IEEE Signal Process. Mag., 1996, 13(4):67-94.
[3] NEHORAI A, PALDI E. Acoustic vector-sensor array processing[J]. IEEE Trans. Signal Process, 1994, 42(9):2481-2491.
[4] WONG K T, ZOLTOWSKI M D. Self-initiating MUSIC-based direction finding in underwater acoustic particle velocity-field beamspace[J]. IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 2000, 25(2):262-273.
[5] LI X RONG, JILKOV V P. Survey of maneuvering target tracking. part 1:Dynamic models[J]. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., 2003, 39(4):1333-1364.
[6] ZHONG Xionghu, PREMKUMAR A B, MADHUKUMAR A S. Particle filtering and posterior cramér-rao bound for 2-D direction of arrival tracking using an acoustic vector sensor[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2012, 12(2).
[7] ARULAMPALAM M, MASKELL S, GORDON N, et al. A tutorial on particle filters for online nonlinear/non-Gaussian Bayesian tracking[J]. IEEE Trans. Signal Process., 2002, 50(2):174-188.
[8] ZHONG Xionghu, PREMKUMAR A B, MADHUKUN A S. Particle filtering and posterior Cramér-Rao Bound for 2-D direction of arrival tracking using an acoustic vector sensor[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2012:363-377.
[9] ZHONG Xionghu, PREMKUMAR A B, WANG W. Direction of arrival tracking of an underwater acoustic source using particle filtering:Real data experiments[C]//Sydney, NSW:IEEE Tencon Spring Conference, April 17-19, 2013:420-424.
