当船舶航行于恶劣海况时，船舶会发生砰击现象。砰击现象是指船体发生剧烈的摇荡运动导致出水并再次入水，由于船舶入水砰击是瞬态过程，所以会在短时间内产生巨大的砰击压力，造成船体的变形甚至失效，因此准确预报入水砰击压力对保证船舶安全航行和作业具有重要意义。本文建立三维楔形体模型来模拟船首部位，结合有限体积法与动网格技术，引入VOF模型，数值模拟了波浪作用下不同刚度三维楔形体垂直入水的过程。研究发现不同刚度的三维楔形体分别入水的过程中，弹性结构入水砰击压力的峰值要小于刚性结构，弹性效应会一定程度减缓砰击的发生，为今后工程实践提供有价值的参考。
When a ship is sailing in rough sea conditions, it will cause the ship to swaying, which means the bottom of the ship to come out of the water, and enters the water again after that. This phenomenon is a transient process that produces huge slamming pressure in a short time. Due to the transient process of the ship's water slamming process, a huge slamming pressure will be produced in a short time, resulting in the deformation and even failure of the ship. Therefore, accurate prediction of water entry slamming pressure is of great significance for ensuring safe navigation and operation of ships. In this paper, a three-dimensional wedge model is built to simulate the ship's stem. Combined with the finite volume method and the dynamic mesh technique, the VOF model is introduced to numerically simulate the vertical water entering process of different stiffness three-dimensional wedges under wave action. It is found that the three-dimensional wedges with different stiffness are in the process of water entering. The peak value of the slamming pressure of the elastic structure is smaller than that of the rigid structure. The elastic effect will slow down the occurrence of slamming to a certain extent, which provides a valuable reference for future engineering practice.
2019,41(7): 6-11 收稿日期：2018-08-13
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2019.07.002
分类号：U661.4
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51579120，51179077）
作者简介：朱仁庆(1965-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为船舶与海洋结构物流体力学性能,水弹性力学
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