在船用高压共轨柴油机中，共轨压力对喷油量有直接的影响，不同的轨压波动会造成喷油量的明显误差。本文利用Fluent软件将船用柴油机高压共轨燃油系统模型中共轨管模型转化为共轨管中燃油流动的三维模型，通过Simple算法流动仿真计算以及UDF函数模拟实际边界条件，研究共轨管中轨压波动规律以及流场分布。通过对轨压波动频谱分析得出共轨管内压力波动是由供油、喷油和压差反馈引起的。三维流动模型仿真结果显示在高频波动的影响下，共轨管内不同位置压力波动差值可达供油和喷油所引起波动的75%，且不同时刻的喷油量差异达到20%，在轨压控制中必须采取有效控制手段抑制高频波动。
In marine common rail system, rail pressure has a direct effect on injection quantity, and the quantity shows great difference with different pressure waves. A three-dimensional model of the flow in the marine common rail was built based on Fluent in this article. With the use of SIMPLE and UDF, the pressure wave propagation rule and three-dimensional distribution was shown through the simulation result. Frequency analysis shows that rail pressure fluctuation is superposed by waveforms of different frequency produced by oil supply, fuel injection and high frequency fluctuation caused by feedback flow. It can be seen from three-dimensional flow simulation that amplitudes of pressure wave in different positions can be as large as 75% of the total amplitude and the discrepancy of injection quantities at different time can be as large as 20% under the influence of high frequency fluctuation. As a result, an effective control method should be considered in the precise control of rail pressure.
2019,41(8): 103-108 收稿日期：2017-11-19
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2019.08.020
分类号：U664.121
作者简介：马颖怡(1993-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事船用柴油机高压共轨系统轨压控制研究
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