层合阻尼板在刚强度比、减振降噪上具有显著的优势，但关于振动致声问题研究还不充分，相应的有限元分析方法不够准确高效。为此基于分层理论的连续壳单元和三维弹性理论的体单元建立一种混合有限元模型，结合声学无限元技术分析层合阻尼板的振声特性。采用连续壳单元离散约束面板及层合板，用体单元离散阻尼层，2种单元均为8节点三位移自由度，因此面板、阻尼层以及基板之间有很好的位移协调性。通过算例校验该方法的可行性。然后讨论了面板厚度、阻尼层厚度及位置、铺层角度对均方振速和辐射声功率的影响。结果表明采用的方法可以准确分析层合阻尼板的声辐射问题，计算得到的声辐射影响规律可以为该结构的低噪声设计提供有益参考。
Composite damping plates have significant advantages in stiffness and strength to weight ratio, vibration and noise reduction, but the research on acoustic radiation is still insufficient, and the corresponding finite element analysis method is not accurate and efficient. For this purpose, a hybrid finite element model is established with continuum shell elements based on the layerwise theory and solid elements based on three-dimensional elasticity theory, and the acoustic infinite element technique is utilized to analyze the acoustic characteristics of composite damping plates. The continuum shell elements are used to discrete constrained panel and the laminated plate, while the solid elements are used to discrete the damping layer. Both types of elements are eight-node with three-displacement degrees of freedom, therefore, there is good displacement coordination between the panel, the damping layer and the base plate. The feasibility of the present method is validated. Then the effects of panel thickness, damping layer thickness and position, and ply angle on the mean square velocity and radiated sound power are discussed. The results show that the method can accurately analyze the acoustic radiation problem of the composite damping plate, and the calculated acoustic radiation characteristics can provide a useful guideline for the low noise design of the structure.
2019,41(9): 36-41 收稿日期：2018-11-29
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2019.09.007
分类号：TB532
作者简介：杨智雄(1993-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为复合材料结构振动与噪声
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