船舶建造过程中，焊接引起的结构变形和应力对船舶结构性能产生影响。以典型船舶甲板板架为例，研究焊接初始缺陷对甲板板架极限强度的影响。采用数值仿真方法模拟甲板板架的焊接过程，获得结构焊接变形和残余应力，对含初始缺陷的板架结构施加轴向压缩载荷，计算板架结构的极限强度，并与理想结构进行比较研究。结果表明，轴向压缩载荷下，甲板板变形过大是引起板架整体失稳的主要因素；焊接变形及残余应力显著地削弱甲板板架极限承载能力，焊接初始缺陷降低甲板板架整体刚度，影响结构失效模式。
Deformation and residual stress caused by welding process in ship manufacturing will influence the ship structure mechanics. Effects of welding defects on the ultimate strength of typical deck grillage is studied. Using numerical simulation method, the welding process is simulated, as well as welding deformation and residual stress. Also, the ultimate strength of the grillage containing welding defects is calculated under axial compression load, and the results are compared with that of ideal structure. It is showed that the oversized deformation of the deck plate is the main reason for instability of the grillage under axial compression load. And welding deformation and residual stress will cut down on the carrying capacity and rigidity of the grillage, and influence the failure mode of the grillage.
2019,41(11): 59-63 收稿日期：2018-09-14
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2019.11.012
分类号：U663.6
作者简介：王铭彦(1994-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为船舶结构极限强度
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