海上卫星通信不同于其他卫星通信方式，除了障碍物自身特性以外，船舶位置的改变与船体晃动都会对遮挡情况产生影响，传统遮挡问题研究中未考虑电波绕射特性，且不适用于海上移动目标。针对上述问题，本文基于菲涅尔区特性分析，研究了障碍物边缘处的最小仰角，结合海上移动通信特点，在考虑船体晃动的情况下，提出遮挡区域算法，并基于以上研究得出遮挡预报模型。遮挡区域算法能为船载卫星天线与其他设施的设计安装提供参考指标，遮挡预报模型可用于辅助工作人员提前调整航向或切换天线来对抗遮挡，以满足军事应用中对于全时通信的需求。
Maritime satellite communication is different from other satellite communications. In addition to occlusion, changes in the ship's position and hull shaking will affect the occlusion situation. The traditional minimum elevation angle algorithm does not consider the characteristics of the electric wave diffraction, and it is not suitable for the problem of moving targets at sea. Based on the analysis of Fresnel zone characteristics, this paper studies the influence of obstacle edges on the minimum elevation angle, and improves the traditional minimum elevation angle algorithm. Combined with the characteristics of mobile communication at sea, the hull shake is modified under consideration. Based on the above research, aocclusion prediction model is obtained. Occlusion prediction model can be used to assist the staff to adjust the course in advance or switch the antenna to counter the occlusion, which provides a theoretical basis for the research on the occlusion of the maritime satellite communication.
2019,41(11): 160-164 收稿日期：2019-05-02
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2019.11.033
分类号：TN927
作者简介：张海勇(1966-),男,教授,主要研究方向为通信与信息系统
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