轴系校中不良会引发轴系受力不均及轴系振动，从而导致轴件磨损、零部件松动、轴杆断裂等问题，将考虑减轻轴系弯曲振动计入轴系校中优化进程，对提高轴系校中质量和运转性能具有重要意义。本文在常规轴系合理校中的基础上，综合运用奇异函数、传递矩阵法及雷诺方程，将各轴承处振动传递功率流作为优化目标之一计入了校中计算，并以某船舶推进轴系为例，利用Isight优化软件和Matlab组件联合编程仿真，对轴系各轴承位置进行了双向校中优化。研究结果表明，该方法能有效优化各目标函数，优化后推进轴系尾后轴承负荷降低、各轴承负荷分配更为合理，同时轴系的振动特性也有所改善，达到了更优的校中效果，验证了该方法的合理、有效性。
Poor quality of shafting alignment will cause shafting vibration and uneven distribution of bearing load, which likely to cause parts of shafting be worn or loose, shaft facture and so on. Thus taking shaft bending vibration into consideration in optimization progress of shafting alignment will be of great significance to the improvement of alignment quality and operation performance of shafting. Based on the usual shafting alignment, this paper synthesizes the singular fuction, transfer matrix mothod and Reynolds equation, and the expressions of vibration transmission power flow at each bearing are deduced. Then the tansmission power flow are taken as one of optimization targets into consideration in the progress of shafting alignment. Moreover, the paper takes the propulsion shafting of a ship as an example and uses Isight and Matlab module to simulate shaft system, the position of each bearing is optimized in two directions. The results show that the optimization mothod can optimizate the fuction of each target effectively, and the bearing load of rear bearing is reduced, the load distribution of each bearing is more reasonable after optimization, the vibration properties of shafting are also improved greatly, all the above validates the rationality and effectiveness of the optimization mothod in this paper.
2020,42(1): 140-145 收稿日期：2018-05-30
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2020.01.028
分类号：U664.2
作者简介：王建午(1994-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为舰船动力装置振动与噪声控制
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