以理清船、机、桨参数匹配对船舶推进系统动态特性的影响为目标，为后期系统优化改进提供理论依据，建立了柴油机、齿轮箱、轴系、调距桨等子系统的数学模型，利用Simulink核心组件搭建了推进系统网络层级构架并进行了模拟计算，分析了冷、热机工况下推进系统的动态加、减速特性并进行了仿真优化。结果表明，推进系统在热机减速、冷机加速、冷机减速工况下航速变化平稳，主机运行状况理想。在热机加速工况下，由于加速度达到最大时存在转速振荡调整，易导致主机出现超负荷现象。通过合理地匹配加速过程调节时间可以避免此问题，优化推进系统的动态性能。
In order to clarify the effect of parameter matching between the ship, the diesel engine and the propeller on the dynamic characteristics of ship propulsion system and provide a theoretical basis for the overall optimization and improvement in the later stage, the mathematical models of the subsystems such as diesel engine, gear box, shaft system and pitch propeller were established. The network hierarchy of propulsion system was built by using Simulink core components and the simulation calculation was carried out. The dynamic acceleration and deceleration characteristics of the propulsion system under the cold and heat engine conditions were analyzed and the simulation optimization were carried out. The results show that the speed of ship changes smoothly under the condition of heat engine deceleration, cold engine acceleration and cold engine deceleration, and the diesel engine is in ideal running condition. Under the accelerated condition of heat engine, the speed oscillation adjustment exists when the acceleration reaches the maximum, which easily leads to overload phenomenon of the diesel engine. This problem can be avoided by reasonably matching the adjustment time of the acceleration process, and the dynamic characteristics of propulsion system can be optimized.
2020,42(2): 115-120 收稿日期：2019-02-17
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2020.02.022
分类号：TK421
作者简介：刘琦(1988-),男,博士,研究方向为动力机械及热力系统的设计、仿真与优化
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