量子密钥分发技术利用量子物理学基本原理，规避量子暴力解算潜在威胁，提升密钥分发安全性，将会使保密通信由计算安全向物理安全转变，目前主要有基于光纤的技术和以卫星为主的自由空间技术2种。海上平台活动区域大、机动性强、无基础设施依托，采用以卫星为主的自由空间量子密钥分发技术能适应其特点。本文重点分析了海上跨域远程应用、海上编队内近距离应用、水下及跨介质应用等未来海上平台量子密钥分发应用模式，提出了与海上应用相关的未来技术发展方向，为后续装备技术发展提供参考指导。
Quantum key distribution (QKD) technology, which is based on quantum physics laws, can defense the violence calculation by a quantum computer, thus would enhance the security of communication from computational method to physical method in the future. Nowadays, applications of QKD technology are implemented mainly through optical fiber and satellite-based free space. For naval vessels with high mobility, large activity scope and without any infrastructure to rely on, satellite-based free space QKD technology is more suitable. We analyzed different application modes for QKD on various naval vessels, such as cross domain overseas, close-range inside fleet, underwater and cross media. Further, we put forward some proposals for the development of QKD technology associated with oversea applications, which would throw some light on the development of the equipment and technology.
2020,42(3): 139-143 收稿日期：2019-06-17
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2020.03.029
分类号：TP309.7
基金项目：中国船舶重工集团有限公司科技创新与研发项目（201811K）
作者简介：费礼(1985-),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为船舶通信技术。
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