开口处的船体结构强度分析与评估是船舶设计与建造过程中的关键环节。采用有限元法建立某船体结构数值模型，结合强度校核规范，进行船体底部嵌入式多波束声呐大开口区域的船体结构强度分析。结果表明，开口区域船体结构的强度、加强结构型式的设计等在设计过程中应引起足够的重视。设计5种开口加强方案，通过对比总结了开口纵向位置、内凹槽直角或转圆过渡型式等因素对结构强度的影响特点。通过上述研究可知，横向开口对船体加强结构的强度影响更大，对横向开口处纵向构件进行多方案优化设计可有效掌握目标区域结构的应力分布变化及受力特点。最后提出一种较佳的设计方案，既有利于提高船体结构的强度，又便于设备的安装。
The strength analysis and evaluation of ship structures near the openings are very important in the whole phase of ship design and construction. Finite element models of ship structures are presented and the strength analysis of ship structures near the large openings of embedded multi-beam sonar in the bottom of ship is performed based on correlated ship strength check criterion. The simulation results show that ship structures with large openings, it is necessary to pay much more attention to the strength analysis of structures near the openings and the design of reinforcement structures in the design phase. Five structures reinforcement methods are studied and the influences of different methods are summarized from several aspects such as the longitudinal position of the openings and the transition types of groove. Form this study it can be seen that the transverse openings show much influence on the strength of strengthen structures. The stress distribution and the mechanical characteristics of the structures can be mastered effectively by optimization design of multiple schemes of the local structures. A better design plan was proposed and it is both good for increasing the strength of structures and equipment installation.
2020,42(6): 1-8 收稿日期：2019-06-22
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2020.06.001
分类号：U661.43
作者简介：闫晋辉(1986-),男,工程师,研究方向为般体结构设计
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