我国智能船舶面临较好的发展形势，船舶智能化、无人化将是船舶未来发展的主要方向。我国船舶工业和航运界在智能船舶领域进行了探索与研究，相关科研项目正在积极开展。智能技术工程化应用初显成效，已形成一定的技术积累和产业基础，基本与国际先进水平保持同步。但总体而言，全球智能船舶仍处于探索和发展的初级阶段，智能船舶标准体系、测试与验证体系亟待建立，智能技术工程化应用十分有限，相关国际海事公约法规研究刚刚起步。因此，急需建立大型智能船舶综合测试与验证海上试验场，实现复杂海况下智能船舶航行与作业能力验证，为智能船舶技术发展和智能船舶运营无人化提供有力保障。本文对国内外海上试验场发展现状进行介绍，并对面临的机遇与挑战进行了探讨。建设国家级的智能船舶海上试验场对提高我国航运智能化、安全、营运效率，降低航运成本具有重要意义，将大力促进我国船舶产业智能化升级，提升我国船舶制造和航运市场的国际竞争力。
As intelligent and unmanned technology become mainstream in future, China's intelligent ship industry is facing a great development situation. Shipbuilding industry and shipping industry have conducted useful explorations on intelligent ships. Positive progresses have been made in relevant scientific research. The application of intelligent technology has begun to show results. A certain technological accumulation and industrial foundation have been formed, which keeps pace with international advanced levels. However, in general, the exploration and development on intelligent ship all over world is still in initial stage. The intelligent ship standard system, test and verification system need to be established urgently. The engineering application of intelligent technology is very limited, and relevant international maritime convention regulations have just begun. Therefore, an urgent need to establish a comprehensive sea test area for large-scale intelligent ships, to achieve the verification of the capabilities on intelligent navigation and operation under complex sea conditions, providing a strong support for the development of intelligent ship technology and the unmanned operation of intelligent ships. This article introduces the development status of sea test areas at home and abroad, and discusses the opportunities and challenges it faces. The construction of a national-level intelligent ship sea test area is of great significance to improving the intelligence, safety, and operating efficiency of shipping in China, as well as reducing the costs on shipping, which will vigorously promote the intelligent upgrading of China's shipping industry and enhance the international competitiveness of China's ship manufacturing and shipping market.
2020,42(8): 1-6 收稿日期：2020-05-10
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2020.08.001
分类号：U661.7
基金项目：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江)资助项目ZJW-2019-09
作者简介：许凯玮(1993-),男,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事实船性能试验及技术开发等工作
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