针对潜艇高压气管路中弯管的压降损失及其等效长度计算问题，采用计算流体力学（CFD）方法对90°弯管内超高压气体的流动过程进行了数值模拟。用六面体结构化网格对流动区域进行网格划分，通过直接数值求解由RNG k-ε湍流模型封闭的RANS方程研究管道内部流场形态，得到了弯管内部的压力分布与速度分布并捕捉到二次流的生成和发展过程，计算结果与其他学者开展的数值仿真以及模型实验结果相一致。仿真结果表明，弯管引起的局部压降会较大程度增加管路的总压力损失，进而影响高压气应急吹除效率，在潜艇设计建造阶段必须予以重视，同时也验证了采用RNG k-ε湍流模型模拟弯管内超高压气体流动特性的可行性及有效性。
For the problem of the pressure drop loss and the equivalent length calculaiton of elbows in submarine highpressure pipelines, the flow processes of ultra-high pressure gas in 90° elbows were numerically simulated by the way of CFD. The inner flow area was meshed with structured hexahedral grid, and by means of the numerical solution to deal with the RANS equations closed by RNG k-ε turbulence model, the flow field characteristics inside the pipe was studied, and the pressure distribution and velocity distribution inside the elbows were obtained, in addition, the generation and development of secondary flow were captured, and the calculated results are consistent with the numerical simulaiton and model experiment results carried out by other scholars. Simulation results show that the total pressure loss of the pipe will be increased greatly due to the partial pressure loss caused by elbows, and then the emergency blowing efficiency of the high pressure gas will be effected, so it must be paid attention to during the design and build period, besides, the feasibility and availability of simulating the flow characteristics of the ultra-high pressure gas inside the elbows by RNG k-ε turbulence model were verified.
2020,42(8): 93-97 收稿日期：2020-05-18
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2020.08.017
分类号：U664.84+1
基金项目：国防科技创新特区项目(19H86305ZT00101501)
作者简介：张建华(1986-),男,博士,讲师,研究方向为潜艇操纵、船舶避碰
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