船舶动力定位系统由测量系统、控制系统、电力推进系统和舵桨装置组成，其中控制系统是动力定位系统最重要的环节。本文介绍船舶动力定位系统常用的控制模型，详细分析用于动力定位控制系统的控制策略包括PID控制、模糊\神经网络自适应控制、预测控制、容错控制的研究与应用现状，并概括了各种控制策略存在的优缺点。最后从控制策略和海上作业需求变化两方面出发，提出了船舶DP控制系统的未来发展目标，以及下一步重点研究方向。
The ship dynamic positioning (DP) system consists of measuring system, control system, electric propulsion system and rudder propeller device. The control system is the most important part in DP system. In this paper, the common control model of ship DP system is introduced firstly, and then the research and application status of the control strategies which are used for DP control system are analyzed in detail. These control strategies contain PID control, fuzzy or neural network adaptive control, predictive control and fault-tolerant control. Simultaneously, the advantages and disadvantages of various control strategies are summarized. Lastly, future development goal and next emphasis research direction of ship DP control system is discussed from the two aspects of control strategies and operational requirements in the sea.
2020,42(9): 1-5 收稿日期：2019-07-03
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2020.09.001
分类号：U662.26
作者简介：廖成毅(1986-),男,博士,工程师,专业方向为舰船动力定位系统研究及设计、非线性控制算法研究及应用
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