通过对碳纤维布加固横向裂纹钢板进行三点弯曲试验，得到试样在弯曲载荷作用下的载荷-挠度曲线，分析单层补片和双层补片对受损钢板的修复效果。结果表明，单层补片修复后强度提高了108%，双层补片修复后强度提高了181%，单层加固挠度降低了14%，双层加固挠度降低了23%，增加补片层数在提升结构强度的同时也改善结构刚度。在Ansys有限元软件中建立三维弹塑性有限元模型，分析胶层应力分布。结果表明，剥离应力和剪应力主要集中在裂纹附近和胶层端部，并从裂纹附近和补片端部向中心递减。裂纹中心处最大剥离应力大致是端部剥离应力的0.64～0.84倍，裂纹两侧的次峰值剥离应力大致是端部剥离应力的0.31～0.43倍，裂纹两侧的最大剪应力大致是端部最大剪应力的1.18～1.66倍。试验和数值计算结果都表明胶层脱粘最先发生在裂纹附近或胶层端部，采用最大拉应力失效准则计算的失效载荷与试验的失效载荷对比，具有较好的一致性。
A three-point bending test was performed to investigate the steel plate reinforced by carbon fiber patches and the load-deflection curve of the specimen was obtained. The repair effects of single-layer patch and double-layer patches on cracked steel plate were analyzed. The results show that the structural strength of the single-layer patch is increased by 108%, and that of the double-layer patches is increased by 181%.The deflection of single-layer reinforced structure is reduced by 14%, while that of double-layer reinforced structure is reduced by 23%. Increasing the number of patches will not only enhance the strength of the structure, but also improve the stiffness of the structure. In addition, a three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element model of Ansys was established and the stress distribution of adhesive was analyzed. The results show that the peel stress and shear stress are mainly concentrated near the crack and the end of the adhesive and decrease from near crack and patch end to center. The maximum peel stress at the crack center is approximately 0.64~0.84 times that at the end of the adhesive, the secondary peak peel stress on both sides of the crack is approximately 0.31~0.43 times of the end peel stress, and the maximum shear stress on both sides of the crack is approximately 1.18~1.66 times of the end shear stress. The results of test and simulation show that the debonding of the adhesive first occurs near the crack or at the end of adhesive. The failure load calculated by the maximum tensile stress failure criterion is in good consistency with the test failure load.
2020,42(11): 13-18 收稿日期：2019-06-04
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2020.11.003
分类号：TB332
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51479206)
作者简介：范召(1993-)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事复合材料结构的有限元模拟
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