球形舵是国内外中小型喷水推进装置采用较多的一种方向舵，本文借助CFD数值模拟手段，对不同收缩角的球形舵水动力进行计算，得到不同舵角下的操舵力和操舵力矩。计算结果表明，球形舵的侧向作用力和操舵扭矩并不是随着舵角的增大而增加, 在球形舵的工程设计中需考虑借助数值模拟计算手段确定球形舵的满舵角；不同收缩角度下的侧向作用力和纵向作用力变化不大，但是操舵扭矩变化明显，在布置空间有限的情况下考虑增加球形舵的收缩角度，以减小舵尺寸和操舵液压缸重量。此项研究对球形舵的工程设计具有重要的的指导意义。
Spherical rudder is a kind of rudder widely used in small and medium-sized waterjet propulsion equipment at home and aboard. In this paper, the hydrodynamic force of spherical rudder with different shrinkage is calculated by CFD numerical simulation method, and the steering force and steering torque under different rudder angles are obtained. The results show that the yawing force and steering torque don’t increase with the increase of rudder angle, the hard-over angle of spherical rudder should be determined according to the space limited using numerical simulation method in the engineering design of spherical rudder. The yawing force and longitudinal force at different shrinkage angles have little change, and the steering torque has obvious change it is considered that the shrinkage can be increased to reduce the rudder size and steering cylinder weight in limited layout space. This research has important guiding significance in the design of spherical rudder.
2021,43(5): 30-33 收稿日期：2020-04-16
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2021.05.006
分类号：U664.3
作者简介：刘雪琴(1986-)，女，硕士，工程师，研究方向为喷水推进技术
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