在半潜式起重平台吊运过程中容易发生跌落事故，本文以半潜式起重平台为研究对象，考虑2种典型坠物形式（点面和线面）和不同坠物类型，采用非线性有限元软件Ls-dyna，从坠物角度、跌落位置方面进行研究，分析不同场景下的平台结构损伤情况，开展不同坠物参数对平台甲板的损伤敏感性研究。研究发现：跌落角度越小，甲板损伤越小，角度越大，越容易发生倾倒；跌落在甲板纵骨上，结构吸能最小，跌落在横梁纵桁交汇处时，结构吸能最大；坠物在接触到下部结构时会产生滑动，跌落位置下方构件的局部刚度越强，损伤变形越小。本文研究对平台甲板抗冲击性能及安全作业有一定参考意义。
Falling accidents are prone to occur during the lifting of semi-submersible lifting platforms. This article takes semi-submersible lifting platforms as the research object, considers two typical types of falling scenarios (point-plane and line-plane) and different types of falling objects. The linear finite element software Ls-dyna is studied from the angle and the drop position, and the structural damage of the platform under different scenarios is analyzed, and the impact of different falling object parameters on the impact resistance of the platform deck is obtained. The study found that: the smaller the drop angle, the smaller the deck damage, and the greater the angle, the easier it is to tip over; the structural energy absorption is the smallest when dropped on the deck longitudinals, and the structure has the largest energy absorption when dropped at the intersection of the beam longitudinals; When the falling object touches the lower structure, it will slide. The stronger the local rigidity of the member below the falling position, the smaller the damage and deformation. The research has certain practical significance in improving the impact resistance and safe operation of the platform deck.
2021,43(7): 58-63 收稿日期：2020-11-20
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2021.07.012
分类号：U661.43
作者简介：张磊(1980-),男,高级工程师,主要从事舰船通用质量特性设计
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