考虑到多功能破冰船建造投资规模巨大，在初步设计阶段基于设计约束确定设计要素和特征性能参数显得非常重要性。本文通过收集梳理多功能破冰船初步设计流程、设计要素以及特征性能参数，归纳了设计要素之间的函数关系，并对冰区航行、结构强度以及其他性能提出了评估原则，最后以单位效用成本建立了破冰船经济性评估函数，以核动力破冰船为例对多方案进行了对比分析，为进一步确定破冰船方案和优化提供了方法。
Considering the huge investment in the construction of multi-functional icebreaker, it is very important to determine the design elements and characteristic performance parameters based on the design constraints in the preliminary design stage. Through collecting and sorting out the preliminary design process, design elements and characteristics performance parameters of multi-functional icebreaker, the functional relationship between design elements is summarized. And the evaluation principles for navigation structural strength and other performances in ice area are proposed. Finally, the economic evaluation function of icebreaker is established based on unit utility cost. Multiple schemes of nuclear icebreaker are compared and analyzed using the economic evaluation function. It provides a method for further determination and optimization of icebreaker scheme.
2021,43(9): 25-29 收稿日期：2020-07-15
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2021.09.005
分类号：U662.2
作者简介：杨鹄(1978-)，男，副教授，从事船舶总体设计建造方面教学和科研工作
参考文献：
[1] 朱英富, 刘祖源, 解德, 等. 极地船舶核心关键基础技术现状及我国发展对策[C]//2015年中国科学基金, 2015: 178−186.
ZHU Yingfu, LIU Zuyuan, XIE De, et al. Advancements of the core fundamental technologies and strategies of China regarding the research and development on polar ships[C]//2015 China Scuence Foundation, 2015: 178−186.
[2] 张俊武, 吴清伟, 赵旭. 极地冰区船舶发展分析[J]. 船舶工程, 2016, 38(11): 1–5
ZHANG Jun-wu, WU Qing-wei, ZHAO Xu. Analysis of polar class ship development[J]. Ship Engineering, 2016, 38(11): 1–5
[3] 张羽, 李岳阳, 王敏. 极地破冰船发展现状与趋势[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2017, 39(12): 188–193
ZHANG YU, LI Yue-yang, WANG Min. Overview and trend of the icebreakers[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2017, 39(12): 188–193
[4] 刘瀛昊, 佟福山, 高良田. 俄罗斯破冰船设计特点分析[J]. 极地研究, 2017, 29(2): 296–304
LIU Ying-hao, TONG Fu-shan, GAO Liang-tian. Analysis of Russian icebreaker design characteristics[J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2017, 29(2): 296–304
[5] OGAI S. A., VOYLOSHNIKOV M. V., KHROMCHENKO E. B. The objective function for determining of design characteristics of multipurpose ship for navigation in icy sea, the methodological constraints, the optimality criterion[C]//The 30th Asian–Pacific Technical Exchange and Advisory Meeting on Marine Structures, 2016: 561−573.
[6] Federal program 《Shipbuilding Industry Development for the period of 2013–2030》[R]. Approved by the Order of the Government of Russia of December 24, 2012: 2514.
[7] International code for ships operating in polar waters (Polar Code), Resolution MSC[R]. 2014, 385(95).
[8] Polar icebreaker in a changing world[R]. Polar Research Board Division on Earth and Life Studies, 2007.
[9] LANK S. W., O. H, OAKLEY. Application of nuclear power to icebreakers[R]. The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, 1959.
[10] OGAI S. A, VOYLOSHNIKOV M. V. Defining of the utility function and it use as the part of the optimality criterion in determining of design characteristics of multipurpose ice navigation ship[C]//The 31th Asian-Pacific Technical Exchange and Advisory Meeting on Marine Structures, 2017: 119.
[11] OGAI S. A, VOYLOSHNIKOV M. V. The innovative ships for navigation in Arctic seas[C] //2017 Northern Maritime Forum, 2017: 463–474.
