随着深海耐压结构下潜深度不断加大，高强度钢应用越来越广泛。高强度钢对焊接残余应力较为敏感，会对深海耐压结构的疲劳强度产生不利的影响。本文基于焊接热力学理论，利用Ansys的APDL编程语言对高强度钢耐压壳典型焊接接头模型的焊接残余应力进行数值模拟，得出焊接残余应力分布，并与无损检测结果进行对比，结果显示耐压壳典型焊接接头模型数值模拟结果与试验测量结果趋势基本一致。在此基础上研究材料属性及边界条件对耐压壳典型焊接接头焊接残余应力的影响。结果显示：焊缝附近区域存在较大的残余应力，凸面主要是压应力，凹面以拉应力为主；随着与焊缝中心线距离的增大焊接残余应力的值会降低；改变材料属性和边界条件后，耐压壳典型焊接接头模型焊接残余应力幅值会发生变化，并在焊缝附近区域表现更为明显。本文研究结果可为高强度钢水下耐压结构的安全性研究提供相关理论基础。
High strength steels has been more and more widely applied for pressure structures with the increasing submergence depth. In this paper, based on the theory of welding thermodynamics, the residual stress of a model of a typical welded joint of high strength cone-cylinder pressure hull is numerically simulated and its distribution rule of the residual stress is obtained. The numerical simulation results of the model are basically the same with that of the experimental measurement, so the method of finite element simulation is reasonable. Based on this, the influences of material properties and boundary conditions on the welding residual stress of the model are researched. The results show that there is a large residual stress in the vicinity of the weld seam, and the convex conical surface is mainly compressive and the concave conical surface is mainly tensile. The amplitude of the welding residual stress decreases with far away from the weld area. The trend of welding residual stress of the model does not change with the difference of material properties and boundary condition, but the amplitude of the residual stress could be changed, and the changes in the vicinity of the weld seam are more obvious. The results provide the theoretical basis for the safety research of underwater pressure structure of high strength steel.
2021,43(9): 64-69 收稿日期：2020-01-15
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2021.09.012
分类号：TG404
基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(5179084)
作者简介：孙凯祥(1994-)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事船舶与海洋结构物强度研究
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