舵叶选型通过经验公式和母型船数据确定，方法具有一定局限性。为优化舵叶选型流程，以Exploration号邮轮为例，通过CFD软件基于RANS方程和SST k-ω模型对NACA翼型和高效翼型为研究对象进行数值仿真，得到不同攻角下的升力系数和阻力系数，对不同剖面类型和厚度比的翼型，结合速度矢量图和压力云图分析水动力性能，并与理论计算数据和实船数据进行比较。结果表明，不同翼型厚度在全舵角范围内表征出不同的升阻比特性，增加翼型厚度有利于拓宽升阻比范围。高效翼型虽然舵效平均提高40%，但是不能忽略阻力对其快速性的影响，尾部涡流导致表面压力升高对其强度也产生负面影响。研究结果有利于了解不同剖面翼型舵叶的水动力性能，为舵叶翼型选型设计提供参考依据。
The rudder selection was determined by empirical formula and data of model ship, which has some limitations. In order to optimize the rudder selection process, taking Exploration cruise ship as an example, based on RANS equation and SST k - ω turbulence model by CFD software to simulate the NACA airfoil and the high-efficiency airfoil. The lift coefficient and drag coefficient are obtained at different angles of attack. For airfoils with different section types and thickness ratios, the hydrodynamic performance is analyzed with velocity vector and pressure cloud diagram, compared with theoretical calculation data and ship data. The result shows that different airfoil thickness has different lift-drag ratio characteristics in whole rudder angles. Increasing airfoil thickness is beneficial to broaden the range of lift-drag ratio. Although the steerage of high-efficiency airfoil is increased by 40%, the influence of drag on its rapidity can’t be ignored. The increase of surface pressure caused by vortex has a negative impact on its strength. The results are helpful to understand the hydrodynamic performance of the rudder with different sections, and provide a reference for the selection and design of rudder airfoil.
2021,43(11): 57-62 收稿日期：2020-12-21
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2021.11.010
分类号：U664.4
基金项目：工信部高技术船舶资助项目（MC-201918-C10）
作者简介：耿国祥(1995-)，男，硕士，研究方向为船舶自动化
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