随着海洋军事、海上航运、深海科考以及航天器海上发射和回收等活动不断增加，装备故障或复杂的环境因素导致海难事故频频发生，为减小损失、探究事故原因，援潜救生及深海打捞显得尤为重要。遥控潜水器作为深海重要作业装备，在援潜救生及深海打捞活动中发挥重要作用。介绍国际上援潜救生及深海打捞典型遥控潜水器的发展现状，概括其在援潜救生及深海打捞中的典型应用案例，总结援潜救生及深海打捞遥控潜水器关键技术，对其未来的发展提出一些思考。
With the increasing number of activities such as maritime military, maritime shipping, deep-sea scientific research, and spacecraft launch and recovery at sea, maritime accidents are occurring frequently due to equipment failure or complex environmental factors. In order to reduce losses and investigate the causes of accidents, submarine rescue and deep-sea salvage are particularly important. As a deep-sea operation type equipment, remotely operated vehicle (ROV) plays a vital role in rescue and deep-sea salvage activities. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of ROV development in international and domestic life-saving systems, and also outlines the typical applications of ROV in life-saving and deep-sea salvage. Finally, this paper summarizes the key technologies of ROV in life-saving and deep-sea salvage missions，and proposes some thoughts on the future development of ROV.
2021,43(12): 16-20 收稿日期：2021-03-24
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2021.12.003
分类号：R84
作者简介：曹宏涛(1978-),男,工程师,研究方向为舰船配套
参考文献：
[1] 张鸿翔, 赵千钧. 海洋资源——人类可持续发展的依托[J]. 地球科学进展, 2003(5): 806–811
[2] 宋晓梅, 郭汉丁. 关于国家海洋技术创新的探讨[J]. 海洋技术, 2005(3): 138–140
[3] 刘曙光. 当前深海开发问题国际研究动态及启示[J]. 人民论坛·学术前沿, 2017(18): 29–36
[4] 张志明, 薛晶. 国外援潜救生系统现状及发展趋势[J]. 船舶, 2005(03): 5–7
[5] 陈建平. 援潜救生新概念──立体救生系统的发展思路[J]. 机器人技术与应用, 2001(2): 21–24
[6] CABLE. S. B. A guideline system for the Navy's submarine rescue ship (ASR) class, [C]//OCEANS '88. 'A Partnership of Marine Interests'. Proceedings, Baltimore, MD, USA, 1988, pp. 1280-1285,doi: 10.1109/OCEANS.1988.794968.
[7] 龚国川, 陈伯华. 潜艇救生装备面面观[J]. 现代军事, 2003(7): 36–38
[8] https://mc.dfrobot.com.cn/thread-12084-1-1.html
[9] 李延富. 基于ROV援潜救生自主作业方法研究[D]. 沈阳: 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所, 2009.
[10] 陈云赛. 深海失事装备探捞体系及其关键技术研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2019.
[11] 龚锦涵. 对失事潜艇艇员援潜救生技术的评估[J]. 中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志, 2001(1): 10–13
[12] 侯恕萍, 严浙平. 深潜救生艇的现状及发展趋势[J]. 船舶工程, 2004(4): 1–5
[13] 阳武, 茅及愚. 利用DSRV实现援潜救生的研究与发展[J]. 潜艇学术研究, 1998, 000(4): 51–55
[14] 熊军, 肖国林. 援潜救生体系和系统的现状及发展趋势. 船海工程, 2007.36(2): 90-94.
[15] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO_Submarine_Rescue_System
[16] LEMAIRE, I. P. NOSC and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and autonomous unmanned vehicles (AUVs); Naval Ocean Systems Center: San Diego, CA, USA, 1988.
[17] 张良, 陈建平. 世界各国援潜救生系统发展状况[J]. 机器人技术与应用, 2001(3): 17–20
[18] CLAUDIO P. Pioneer Work Class ROVs(CURV-III&21)–Part 2[J]. Marine Technology News[EB/OL]. https://www.marinetechnologynews.com/blogs/pioneer-work-class-rovs-(curv-iii-21)-e28093-part-2-700496,2014-7-24.
[19] 董鹏, 杨清轩, 刘洋. 国外新型外界援潜救生装备发展研究[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2018, 40(11): 152–157
[20] https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/5f282316-d6ad-43e2-a06b-aabd98f3ee58,2020-5-21.
[21] http://www.phnx-international.com/phnx/phoenix-equipment/rovs/
[22] 崔维成, 叶聪, 顾继红. 国际援潜救生装备体系现状与发展趋势[J]. 船舶力学, 2008, 12(5): 830–844
[23] https://www.unitedsterling.com.hk/zh/underwater-instrumentation/smd-(uk)/
[24] https://www.cliooffshore.com/key-projects
[25] 何思远, 李晓啸. 世界各国援潜救生装备概述[J]. 海军医学杂志, 2014, 35(3): 247–249
[26] 孟晓宇, 田琬. 国外援潜救生装备系统发展现状[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2012, 34(10): 137–143
[27] 秦琦. 全球深海救援力量聚焦[J]. 中国船检, 2014(7): 68–74
[28] https://www.cliooffshore.com/news
[29] 刘伯运, 邱金水, 刘燕红, 等. 远距离操作潜水器ROV及其在援潜救生中的应用[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2012, 30(1): 11–13
[30] 7000米深海载人潜水器[J]. 中国地名, 2009(11): 73.
[31] http://207.102.77.253/hysub40-5000.html
[32] http://www.diwte.com/news/1413.html,2020-8-13.
[33] https://www.sohu.com/a/274884394_293434,2018-11-12.
[34] 秦波. 水下捕捞机器人关键技术研究[D]. 济南: 山东科技大学, 2017.
[35] ZHANG Q, WANG H, LI B, et al. Development and sea trials of a 6000m class ROV for marine scientific research[C]//2018 OCEANS - MTS/IEEE Kobe Techno-Ocean (OTO). IEEE, 2018.
[36] https://tech.sina.com.cn/d/v/2018-10-29/doc-ifxeuwws9089840.shtml,2018-10-29.
