本文基于黏性流理论，结合VOF方法进行了大型船舶液舱晃荡及制荡问题的数值研究。首先，证明了液舱纵向尺度对于横向晃荡的影响很小，可以用二维模型替代三维模型进行计算以提高效率，且对于特殊的对称液舱布置形式，40%载液率下施加一定周期的外部横摇激励，舷侧舱壁处的液舱晃荡更为剧烈；其次，完成了不同激励周期下的数值计算，结果表明激励周期在1～1.3倍液舱一阶固有周期范围内时液舱晃荡较为剧烈，其中一阶共振时两舱壁处波面升高及受力均达到最大值。此外，研究了不同隔板形式对制荡的影响，发现相同面积下垂向单隔板制荡作用较垂向双隔板和横向双隔板更为优越。最后，进行了实际尺度下的数值模拟，通过结果对比可知，模型尺度下计算得到的各隔板制荡作用弱于实际尺度下的模拟结果，存在一定的“安全裕量”，验证了运用相似理论研究液舱晃荡的可行性。
In this paper, based on the theory of viscous flow, combined with the VOF method, a numerical study on the tank sloshing and its suppression of a large vessel is carried out. Firstly, it is proved that the longitudinal scale of the tank has little effect on lateral sloshing, thus the three-dimensional model can be replaced by two-dimensional model to improve simulation efficiency. For a special symmetrical tank layout, the tank sloshing at the side bulkhead is more severe when a certain period of external roll excitation is applied on the 40%-loaded tank. Secondly, the numerical simulations under different excitation periods have been conducted. The results show that the tank sloshing is comparatively severe when the excitation period is within the range of 1～1.3 times the first-order natural period of the tank. In the first-order resonance, the wave surface rise and the force on the two bulkheads both reach the maximum. In addition, the influence of different baffle forms on sloshing suppression has been studied. It is found that with the same area, the suppression effect of vertical single baffle is better than vertical double baffles and horizontal double baffles. Finally, numerical simulations at real scale of the suppression effects have been done. Through comparison, it can be seen that the sloshing suppression effect of each style of baffles at model scale is weaker than real scale and there is a certain safety margin which verifies the feasibility of using similarity theory to study tank sloshing.
2021,43(12): 37-43 收稿日期：2020-12-01
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2021.12.007
分类号：U661.1
作者简介：吴江涛(1996-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为计算流体力学
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