对现有特殊柴油机进行升功率分析，研究其在满足涡前排温和最高燃烧压力限制值的条件下功率最大提升能力，并通过引入废气旁通技术研究功率提升后的柴油机性能。采用GT-power一维分析软件搭建系统仿真模型并进行试验标定，研究升功率背景下柴油机工作性能，分析废气旁通式可调涡轮增压系统对升功率的适应性。研究结果表明，最高燃烧压力是最关键限制条件，较涡前排气温度其影响更为显著，通过实施废气旁通技术可以实现在满足限制条件下提升功率的目标；单一增加喷油量，有效功率提升仅在3%左右，结合旁通阀的匹配，有效功率提升可达22%。同时，在额定功率及功率提升20%的工况点下，增加废气旁通阀后的燃油消耗率分别降低了0.35%和0.73%；背压波动时，增加旁通阀，可以有效提高一个完整周期内柴油机的平均功率，降低低背压时的最高燃烧压力。研究成果可为废气旁通式涡轮增压系统的匹配优化和工程设计提供参考。
The power-up analysis of the existing special diesel engine is carried out, and the maximum power-increasing capacity is studied under the condition that the exhaust temperature of the front vortex and the maximum combustion pressure meet the limit value. The performance of the diesel engine after power increase is studied by introducing exhaust gas bypass technology. Use GT-power one-dimensional analysis software to build a system simulation model and conduct test calibrations, study the performance of diesel engines under the background of high power, analyze the adaptability of the exhaust-bypass adjustable turbocharging system to high power, and the research results indicate the maximum combustion pressure is the most critical limiting condition, which has a more significant impact than the exhaust gas temperature before the vortex. Through the implementation of exhaust gas bypass technology, the goal of increasing power under the limited conditions can be achieved; a single increase in fuel injection can only increase the effective power by about 3%, Combined with the matching of the bypass valve, the effective power can be increased up to 22%. At the same time, at the operating point where the rated power and power are increased by 20%, the fuel consumption rate after adding the wastegate valve is reduced by 0.35% and 0.73% respectively; When the back pressure fluctuates, adding a bypass valve can effectively increase the average power of the diesel engine in a complete cycle and reduce the maximum combustion pressure at low back pressure. The research results can be used for the matching optimization and engineering of the wastegate turbocharger system Design provides reference.
2022,44(1): 114-118 收稿日期：2021-04-01
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.01.022
分类号：U664.121
作者简介：戎志祥(1984-)，男，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为船舶动力系统集成设计等
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