空调管路系统噪声是船舶舱室噪声的主要来源之一，在有限空间中实现管路中低频消声是舱室噪声控制中的难题，微孔消声器具有无纤维、极低的流阻流噪声以及良好的中低频消声性能，在通流管道噪声控制中具有良好的应用前景。基于切向流条件下微孔板的现有阻抗模型，通过一维平面波方法推导得到气流条件下同轴直通微孔管消声器的传递矩阵与传声损失并进行验证，开展影响因素分析并提出了微孔消声器设计原则，针对船舶空调通风管路系统噪声控制开展了微孔消声器的优化设计，实现了全频段宽频消声，消声效果明显优于同等外形尺寸的传统抗性消声器，可为管路声学设计提供有效技术手段。
Noise of air-conditioning pipeline system is one of the main sources of ship cabin noise. It is a difficult problem in cabin noise control to achieve middle-low frequency silence in limited space. Microperforated muffler has no fiber, low flow resistance, low flow noise and good performance of middle-low frequency muffling. It has a good application prospect in noise control of ventilating duct. Based on the existing impedance model of microperforated plate under grazing flow, the transmission matrix and transmission lose of coaxial through microperforated muffler under airflow condition are deduced and verified by one-dimensional plane wave method. The influencing factors are analyzed and the desigh principle of microperforated muffler is put forward. The optimization desigh of microperforated muffler is carried out for noise control of air conditioning ventilation duct system. The desigh achieves full-frequency bandwith muffling, and the muffler effect is obviously better than that of traditional ressitance muffler with the same shape size. It can provide an effective technical means for pipeline acoustic desigh.
2022,44(2): 91-97 收稿日期：2021-03-31
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.02.017
分类号：TB535；U667.7
基金项目：工信部高技术船舶科研项目（2016[546]）
作者简介：黄伟稀(1986-)，男，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为船舶振动噪声
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