针对水下航行器被动声引信使用条件的特殊性，讨论了水下航行器被动声引信接收的目标辐射噪声波形特性和空间特性。计算了实测噪声数据的偏度、峰度、自相关函数和频谱，讨论了噪声的分布特性、时间相关性和频域特性。考虑换能器接收指向性和典型态势，建立了被动声引信目标辐射噪声的空间模型并进行仿真分析。计算和分析结果表明，水下航行器被动声引信接收到的目标辐射噪声为非高斯分布白噪声，空间特性是影响接收信号分布特性的重要因素。
The waveform characteristics and spatial characteristics of target radiation noise received by the passive acoustic fuze of underwater vehicle are discussed under its use conditions. The skewness and kurtosis, autocorrelation function and spectrum of measured noise are calculated，the distribution characteristics, time correlation characteristics and frequency domain characteristics are discussed. Considering the received beam of transducer and typical interception situation. The space model of passive acoustic fuze receiving target radiated noise is established and simulated. The results of calculation and analysis show that. The target radiated noise received by passive acoustic fuze of underwater vehicle is white noise with non Gaussian distribution, and the spatial characteristic is an important factor affecting the distribution of the received noise.
2022,44(4): 60-65 收稿日期：2021-05-26
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.04.013
分类号：TB556
作者简介：张俊(1984-)，男，高级工程师，研究方向为水中兵器仿真与测试、水下声引信信号检测
参考文献：
[1] 尤立克. 水声原理[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨船舶工程学院出版社, 1990: 274.
[2] 孙钟阜, 庞博. 主被动声引信联合使用策略研究[J]. 声学技术, 2017, 36(6): 545–548
SUN Zhong-fu, PANG Bo. Research on joint use strategy of active/passive acoustic fuze[J]. Technical Acoustics, 2017, 36(6): 545–548
[3] 孙钟阜. 基于目标能量特性的被动声引信[J]. 声学技术, 2012, 31(6): 574–577
SUN Zhong-fu. Passive acoustic fuse based on energy feature of target[J]. Technical Acoustics, 2012, 31(6): 574–577
[4] 陈子铨, 何文翔. 干扰背景下的被动声引信处理方法[J]. 声学技术, 2018, 37(4): 58?59.
CHEN Zi-quan, HE Wen-xiang, The treatment of passive acoustic fuse in presence of interference[J]. Technical Acoustics, 2018, 37(4): 58?59.
[5] 姚晓莹. 水下目标信号的能量熵检测与倒谱特征分析技术[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2014.
[6] 廖宏宇. 被动声纳目标/背景建模与仿真[J]. 计算机仿真, 2006(4): 1?4.
LIAO Hong-yu. Object-background modeling and simlation for passive sonar[J]. Computer Simulation, 2006(4): 1?4.
[7] 毛岱山. 浅海声信道信号时间相关特性研究[J]. 海洋技术, 2006(2): 67?69+120.
MAO Dai-shan. Study on the characteristic of time-correlation in the shallow water acoustic channel[J] . Ocean Technology, 2006(2): 67?69+120.
[8] 田禹. 基于偏度和峰度的正态性检验[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2012.
[9] 胡广书. 数字信号处理-理论、算法与实现[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2003: 122.
