针对科考船推进系统永磁同步电机振动过大问题，进行振动测试，得到主要转速下的振动响应。数据分析表明，电机振动能量主要分布在低频及其倍频、逆变器开关频率处。对振动过大原因进行分析，低频段振动大是径向电磁力6倍基波频率和齿槽转矩共同作用导致，5 000 Hz处振动大由变频器开关频率引起。模态分析结果表明，电机振动大不是由结构共振引起。后续设计改进时，可选择合适的极槽配合和磁极布置降低电机振动。
In order to solve the problem of the excessive vibration of permanent magnet motor for marine propulsion of scientific research ship, vibration test is carried out. The vibration response of main condition is obtained. The results show that motor vibration energy distribution is mainly low frequency and its harmonic frequency and inverter switching frequency. The reasons are found by analyzing the vibration data, low frequency vibration is caused by 6th basic harmonic frequency and cogging torque. The 5 000 Hz vibration is caused by inverter switching frequency. The result of modal analysis shows that the excessive vibration is not caused by resonance. Right pole and slot combination and pole optimization can be used to reduce the motor vibration when the improved design is needed.
2022,44(5): 93-96 收稿日期：2021-12-04
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.05.018
分类号：U665.11
基金项目：科技部国家重点研发计划重点专项（2017YFC0307800）
作者简介：唐熊辉(1982?)，男，工程师，研究方向为船舶振动噪声控制
参考文献：
[1] 张欣, 何家俊, 吴超. 永磁同步电机电磁振动噪声抑制方法综述[J]. 微特电机, 2019, 47(7): 72-76
ZHANG Xin, HE Jia-jun, WU Chao. A survey of electromagnetic vibration noise suppression methods for permanent magnet synchronous motors[J]. Small & Special Electrical Machines, 2019, 47(7): 72-76
[2] 诸自强, 刘旭, 潘再平. 新型可变磁通磁阻电机振动和噪声研究与开关磁阻电机的比较[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013, 28(11): 9-18
[3] LELEU E, MIRAOUI A, ESPANET C, et al. Analytical modelling of electromagnetic origin vibrations in an induction machine supplied by high power PWM inverter[C]// IEEE Industrial Electronics, IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference. IEEE, 2006.
[4] FODOREAN D, HUSAR C, IRIMIA C. Noise and vibration behavior evaluation of DC motor and PMSM in electric traction application[C]// International Symposium on Power Electronics. IEEE, 2016.
[5] 于慎波, 钟双双, 赵海宁, 等. 降低永磁同步电动机噪声的方法[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2018, 22(7): 19-26
YU Shen-bo, ZHONG Shuang-shuang, ZHAO Hai-ning, et al. Methods of reducing noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor[J]. Electric Machines and Control, 2018, 22(7): 19-26
[6] 刘和平, 刘庆, 张威, 等. 电动汽车用感应电机削弱振动和噪声的随机PWM控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(7): 1488.-1495
LIU He-ping, LIU Qing, ZHANG Wei, et al. Random PWM technique for acoustic noise and vibration reduction in induction motors used by electric vehicles[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(7): 1488.-1495
[7] 崔淑梅, 于天达, 宋立伟. 基于Ansys和SYSNOISE的电机噪声仿真分析方法[J]. 电机与控制学报, 2011, 15(9): 63-67
[8] 李晓晨, 卢兆刚, 曹为午, 等. 基于法向接触刚度模型的电机定转子结构刚度及振动性能研究[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2021, 43(1): 129-132
LI Xiao-chen, LU Zhao-gang, CAO Wei-wu, et al. Stiffness and vibration characteristic research of motor stator and rotor based on the normal contact stiffness model[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2021, 43(1): 129-132
