针对无人船路径规划过程中存在的规划结果所占内存较大、耗费时间较长、有较大概率生成“死区”的问题,提出基于改进A*算法的无人船路径规划方法。选取栅格法构建无人船行驶环境模型,采用A*算法确定代价函数,判断代价大小,以代价最小的节点作为下一个轨迹点,由此获取最优无人船行驶路径。为改进A*算法,利用无人船转弯半径下限、路径长度下限和行驶速度条件约束等内容改进实际代价函数,通过欧几里得距离与曼哈顿距离的线性组合改进启发函数,简化无人船航行路径,清除额外节点,获取最优路径。实验结果显示该方法能够有效实现障碍物躲避的目的,路径规划时间与总航程更少。
Aiming at the problems of large memory, long time-consuming and high probability of generating "dead zone" in the process of unmanned ship path planning, an unmanned ship path planning method based on improved A* algorithm is proposed. Select the grid method to build the driving environment model of unmanned ship, use the A* algorithm to determine the cost function, judge the cost, and take the node with the lowest cost as the next track point, so as to obtain the optimal driving path of unmanned ship. In order to improve the A* algorithm, the actual cost function is improved by using the lower limit of the turning radius, the lower limit of the path length and the constraints of the traveling speed conditions of the unmanned ship. The heuristic function is improved by the linear combination of Euclidean distance and Manhattan distance, so as to simplify the navigation path of the unmanned ship, remove the extra nodes and obtain the optimal path. Experimental results show that this method can effectively achieve the purpose of obstacle avoidance, and the path planning time and total voyage are less.
2022,44(5): 134-137 收稿日期:2021-11-14
DOI:10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.05.028
分类号:TP181
基金项目:江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(20KJD580006)
作者简介:刘涛(1988?),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向为交通信息工程及控制及海上智能交通、航海技术
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