当线圈的几何尺寸、空间位置和激励方式发生变化时，空间中某一固定点的磁感应强度也会随之变化。本文以一般空心圆环线圈为例，针对不同的空间位置和激励方式，对单线圈、双线圈阵列和四线圈阵列的磁感应强度分布进行建模仿真与特性分析。研究结果表明：阵列天线在电流同向时，其磁感应强度在空间中正向叠加效果最好；随着线圈间隔的增加，双线圈、四线圈磁感应强度模的峰值最大时可比同功率单线圈分别高出35%，82%；最佳接收点由一个分裂成与阵列线圈数目相等的个数；随着接收端轴向距离的增大，双线圈、四线圈磁感应强度模的峰值超过同功率单线圈，且较高值覆盖面积比单线圈大；轴向距离为10 m时，双线圈、四线圈磁感应强度模的峰值分别是同功率单线圈的1.37倍、1.94倍；最佳接收点最终合拢为原点处的一个。
The magnetic induction intensity at a fixed point in the space changes accordingly when geometric dimensions, spatial position and excitation mode of the coils start to change. In this paper, the magnetic induction intensity distribution of the single coil, double-coil array and four-coil array was simulated and analyzed one by one according to different spatial positions and excitation modes. The research results are as follows: The positive superposition effect of magnetic induction intensity in space is the best when the current of array antenna is in the same direction；With the increase of coil spacing: the peak value of magnetic induction intensity norm of double-coil and four-coil is 35% and 82% higher than that of single coil with the same power respectively; The optimal receiving position is divided into a number equal to the quantity of array coils; With the increasing axial distance of the receiver: the peak value of magnetic induction intensity norm of double-coil and four-coil is larger than that of single coil with the same power, and the coverage area of higher value is larger than that of single coil; When the axial distance is 10 m, the peak value of magnetic induction intensity norm of double-coil and four-coil is 1.37 times and 1.94 times of that of single coil with the same power respectively; The best receiver positions are finally closed to one at the origin.
2022,44(6): 106-113 收稿日期：2020-08-19
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.06.022
分类号：TN929.3
作者简介：王一鸣(1993-)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为舰船无线通信、水下磁感应通信
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