复合材料板架作为轻量化船舶的主要构件，其设计是否合理对船舶本身的安全性和经济性具有重要意义。基于响应面法和有限元仿真，从结构重量和稳定性两方面着手对复合材料船舶开孔板架进行多目标优化设计。借助Ansys Workbench计算平台，对复合材料开孔板架进行静力学计算、特征值屈曲分析和响应面优化设计，获得一系列板架设计方案的稳定性参数和重量特征。优化过程中应用DOE试验设计技术和RSO响应面优化模型，确定采样点位置并拟合构造标准三维响应曲面。采用多目标遗传算法生成初始样本点，获得最佳设计方案。结果表明：面板厚度对板架重量和屈曲能力的影响最为敏感；优化设计方案减重效果较好，抗屈曲能力明显提高。该优化设计具有一定的实用价值，能为复合材料船舶改进优化、轻量化应用等提供有益参考。
As the main component of lightweight ships, the reasonable design of composite panel is of great significance to the safety and economy of ship itself. Based on response surface methodology and finite element simulation, the multi-objective optimization design of composite perforated panel was carried out from two aspects of structural weight and stability. With the help of Ansys Workbench, statics calculation, eigenvalue buckling analysis and response surface optimization design were carried out, and a series of parameters about the stability and weight of the perforated panel were obtained. In the optimization process, the design of experiments and response surface optimization were used to determine the location of sample points and construct standard 3D response surfaces. The multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to generate initial sample points and obtain the optimal design scheme. The results show that the thickness of the panel is most sensitive to the weight and buckling capacity of the perforated panel. The weight reduction effect of the optimized design is better, and the anti-buckling ability is significantly improved. The optimization design has a certain practical value, and can provide positive reference for the improvement and optimization of composite ships and lightweight application.
2022,44(9): 48-52 收稿日期：2021-10-13
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.09.010
分类号：U672.3
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51909103）；福建省自然科学基金资助项目（2021J01841，2021J05164，2021J01844）；福建省教育厅项目（JAT200290，JAT190336，JAT200267）
作者简介：朱兆一(1987-)，男，硕士，实验师，主要从事船舶与海洋结构物优化设计
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