结冰会严重影响海上交通的安全性和经济效益。随着人类在北极等寒冷海域的航行日益频繁，针对船舶上层结构结冰问题开展研究的重要性愈发凸显。船舶结冰主要分为飞沫结冰和大气结冰，其中，飞沫结冰是造成船舶上层结构结冰的最主要原因。通过检索、梳理和分析研究国外文献资料，介绍飞沫结冰的形成过程、形成条件和船上结冰范围；分类分析船舶飞沫结冰的数值模型，为未来船舶飞沫结冰研究体系建立和相关工作开展提供参考。
Icing affects the safety and economic benefits of marine traffic seriously. With the increase of human navigation in the Arctic and other cold waters, it is more and more important to study the icing problem of ship superstructure. Ship icing is mainly divided into spry icing and atmospheric icing, while spray icing is the main cause of ship superstructure icing. By surveying, itemizing and analyzing foreign literatures, the formation process, formation conditions and icing range of spray icing is introduced, and the numerical models of ship spray icing are classified and analyzed. Finally, it provides a reference for the establishment of ship spray icing research system and related work in the future.
2022,44(10): 1-5 收稿日期：2021-06-28
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.10.001
分类号：U663.6
作者简介：周靓（1992 −），女，工程师，研究方向为结冰与防除冰
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