为了拓宽动力吸振器的工作带宽，提高吸振器对大型设备的适用性，利用气囊承载范围宽、刚度可调节及大载荷特性，提出一种气囊式可调频动力吸振器。该吸振器通过调节气囊压力改变刚度来改变其固有频率，并且能够通过调节其节流孔大小来改善其阻尼特性，较好地拓宽吸振带宽，提高吸振效果。建立“气囊-节流孔-气囊”复刚度理论模型，并利用数值仿真探究不同节流孔开口面积、气囊气压对复刚度的影响。对该吸振器的吸振范围、吸振效果进行数值仿真计算，结果表明该吸振器对大型设备吸振效果显著，吸振范围可达7.6～46.1 Hz，最高可将主系统振动降低至原来的28%。
To expand the working bandwidth and improve the applicability of the dynamic vibration absorber to large equipment, a kind of frequency adjustable air-spring dynamic vibration absorber is proposed based on the air spring characteristics of wide loading range, adjustable stiffness and heavy loading capacity. The natural frequency of the vibration absorber can be tuned by adjusting the pressure of the air spring to change the stiffness, and the damping characteristics of the vibration absorber can be improved by adjusting the size of the orifice, which can not only broaden the range of vibration absorption but improve the vibration absorption efficiency. The complex stiffness theoretical model of “air spring-orifice-air spring” is established, and the effect on the complex stiffness with different orifice opening area and air spring pressure are investigated through numerical simulation. Then the range and effect of the vibration absorber are simulated. The results show that the absorber has a significant effect on the vibration absorption of large equipment, with a vibration absorption range of 7.6 ~ 46.1 Hz and a maximum reduction of 28% of the original vibration of the main system.
2022,44(18): 31-35 收稿日期：2021-06-29
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.18.007
分类号：TB535
基金项目：军内科研项目（HJ20191C040616）
作者简介：李创(1997-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为振动与噪声控制
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