研究大型船用螺旋桨四轴曲面数控加工技术，提升螺旋桨曲面加工质量。通过层切法确定螺旋桨粗加工区域；利用三次均匀B样条曲线插值，在粗加工区域内获取螺旋桨曲面的控制顶点。依据控制顶点，计算四轴曲面数控加工的刀具轨迹；按照刀具轨迹生成粗加工刀具路径，完成螺旋桨粗加工。利用密切法计算粗加工后螺旋桨四轴曲面数控加工的刀位点，将刀位点转换成四轴数控机床中各轴的运动坐标，设计数控机床加工主程序，依据该主程序完成螺旋桨曲面的精加工。实验证明：该技术可有效确定粗加工区域，生成粗加工刀具路径。该技术可有效精加工螺旋桨曲面，且精加工后螺旋桨的表面光滑度较佳。该技术可降低螺旋桨曲面加工的过切量，提升螺旋桨曲面加工质量。
In order to improve the machining quality of propeller surface, the numerical control machining technology of propeller four-axis surface for large ships is studied. The roughing area of propeller was determined by layer cutting method. The control points of the propeller surface were obtained in the rough machining area by using cubic uniform B-spline interpolation. According to the control points, the tool trajectory of four-axis surface NC machining is calculated. The rough cutting tool path is generated according to the tool path to complete the rough machining of propeller. The cutter points of CNC machining of propeller four-axis surface after rough machining are calculated by using the close method, and the cutter points are converted into the motion coordinates of each axis in the four-axis CNC machine tool. The main program of CNC machine tool is designed, according to which the propeller surface is finished finishing. The experimental results show that this technique can effectively determine the rough machining area and generate the rough machining tool path. This technique can effectively finish the surface of the propeller, and the surface smoothness of the propeller after finishing is better. This technology can reduce the overcut amount of propeller surface machining and improve the quality of propeller surface machining.
2022,44(21): 182-185 收稿日期：2022-07-02
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.21.038
分类号：TH164
作者简介：赵建林(1980-),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向为数控技术及增材制造技术
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