本文根据实际工程要求设计一种满足特定指标的重力锚。依据重力锚二维设计图建立三维有限元模型，通过遴选重力锚工作过程中2种最具代表性的工况，使用有限元分析软件Abaqus对其进行结构强度分析。分析结果表明：针对吊装工况，重力锚吊耳与销钉接触部位应力最大；而在回收工况下，支撑筋板与应急解脱装置的接触部位应力最大。根据2种工况下的分析结果以及工程经验对重力锚各部件进行优化改进，最终得到既能满足特定工程需要又兼顾成本的重力锚设计方案。
In this paper, according to the actual engineering requirements, a gravity anchor that meets specific indexes is designed. According to the two-dimensional design drawing of the gravity anchor, a three-dimensional finite element model is established. By selecting the two most representative working conditions in the working process of the gravity anchor, the finite element analysis software Abaqus is used to analyze its structural strength. The analysis results show that: under the hoisting condition, the stress at the contact part between the lifting lug of the gravity anchor and the pin is the largest; while in the in-situ recovery condition, the stress at the contact part between the support rib and the emergency release device is the largest. According to the analysis results under the two working conditions and engineering experience, the components of the gravity anchor are optimized and improved. Finally, a gravity anchor design scheme that can meet the specific engineering needs and take into account the cost is obtained, which provides analysis and reference for engineering applications.
2022,44(23): 28-32 收稿日期：2022-03-02
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.23.006
分类号：U664.7
作者简介：张腊明(1982-)，男，高级工程师，研究方向为水下航行体总体性能与结构设计
参考文献：
[1] 叶邦全. 海洋工程用锚类型及其发展综述[J]. 上海造船, 2012(3):1-7
[2] SCLAVOUNOS P D, LEE S, DIPIETRO J. Floating offshore wind turbines:tension leg platform and taught leg buoy concepts supporting 3~5 MW wind turbines[R]. Proc European Wind Energy Conference EWEC, 2010:20-23.
[3] 李怀亮, 黄山田, 王晓飞, 等. 重力锚水平承载力特性的有限元分析[J]. 中国港湾建设, 2016, 36(1):6-9
[4] 竺新文. 重力锚室内模型试验及数值模拟研究[D]. 天津:天津大学, 2016.
[5] 徐保照. 钙质土中锚固基础设计研究[D]. 天津:天津大学, 2014.
[6] 李飒, 竺新文, 李怀亮, 等. 水平荷载作用下重力锚室内模型试验及数值模拟分析[J]. 中国海上油气, 2018, 30(2):152-157
[7] 韩森, 贾宝柱, 孙文正, 等. 多点锚泊定位系统布锚夹角的影响及优化分析[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2018, 13(5):61-67
[8] TAYLOR R J. Interaction of anchors with soil and anchor design[R]. Technical Note of Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory, California, 1982:1-50.
[9] 闫宏生, 刘鹏飞, 孟祥伟, 等. 深水重力锚黏土质水平承载机理研究及数值模拟[J]. 中国造船, 2021, 62(3):222-230
[10] 杨鹏, 陈世海, 蒋岩, 等. 重力锚在"世越"号打捞中的应用[J]. 世界海运, 2017, 40(9):7-10
