将硅氟橡胶碟型弹簧与电磁弹簧并联组合，构建出一种适用于船舶精密设备的准零刚度隔振器。首先建立隔振器等效力学模型，基于麦克斯韦电磁原理，计算动刚度为零时的电流值，并推导该系统的幅频特性关系。进而验证橡胶材料公式建模方法和磁力2D数值计算方法的正确性，在此基础上，计算出碟型橡胶弹簧力学特性，以及电磁弹簧间距、动芯材料、线圈电流等参数对电磁负刚度力的影响规律。根据准零刚度理论，组合电磁弹簧与碟型橡胶弹簧，设计出准零刚度隔振器。研究表明该隔振器低频振动无放大，且减振缓冲效果相比传统减振器，有约40 dB的提升。
A kind of quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator suitable for ship precision equipment is designed by combining silicon-fluorine rubber disc spring and electromagnetic spring in parallel. Firstly, the equipment mechanical model of the isolator was established. The current value was calculated when the stiffness was zero, basing on Maxwell’s electromagnetic principle, and the amplitude-frequency characteristic relationship of the system was deduced. Then the rubber material formula modeling method and magnetic 2D numerical calculation method were verified. On this base, the mechanical properties of the disc rubber spring were calculated, and the influence law of electromagnetic spring spacing, moving core material, coil current on electromagnetic negative stiffness force is obtained. According to quasi-zero stiffness theory, a quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator is designed by combining electromagnetic spring and disc rubber spring. The research shows that the isolator has no amplification in low frequency vibration, and the vibration reduction effect is about 40dB higher than that of the traditional vibration isolator.
2022,44(23): 37-42 收稿日期：2022-07-25
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.23.008
分类号：U667.2
作者简介：闫森森(1992-)，男，硕士，工程师，研究方向为振动噪声控制
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