针对船舶航行过程中，螺旋桨激振力产生船舶尾部的扰动源，对尾轴承的振动磨损影响较大，开展激励力下尾轴承振动试验不可或缺。采用有限元方向建立船桨舵一体化模型，仿真计算自航过程中螺旋桨水动力特性，建立螺旋桨水动力特殊相似关系及换算方式，进行模拟螺旋桨水动力作用下尾轴承位置振动试验。结果表明，在尾轴承处，相同激振力作用下，随着推进轴系转速的增加，各方向加速度及位移的振动响应变大；施加任意不同激励力，各方向振动加速度级和振动位移都会变大。同一转速下，随着施加载荷的增加，尾轴承处的振动加速度级及振动位移逐渐增加。本文研究得到的螺旋桨水动力对尾轴承影响的一般规律，为推进轴系减振降噪提供一定理论支持。
In the process of ship sailing, the excitation force of the propeller generates the disturbance source at the tail of the ship, which has a great influence on the vibration and wear of the stern bearing. It is indispensable to carry out the vibration test of the stern bearing under the excitation force. The integrated model of propeller and rudder was established by the finite element direction, the hydrodynamic characteristics of the propeller during the self-propulsion process were simulated and calculated, the special similarity relationship and conversion method of propeller hydrodynamics were established, and the positional vibration test of the stern bearing under the action of hydrodynamic force of the propeller was simulated. The results show that at the stern bearing, under the same excitation force, with the increase of the speed of the propulsion shaft system, the vibration response of acceleration and displacement in each direction becomes larger, if any different excitation force is applied, the vibration acceleration level and vibration displacement in each direction will be changed. get bigger. At the same speed, with the increase of the applied load, the vibration acceleration level and vibration displacement at the stern bearing gradually increase. The general law of the influence of propeller hydrodynamics on the stern bearing is obtained, which provides a certain theoretical support for the vibration and noise reduction of the propulsion shafting.
2023,45(2): 41-46 收稿日期：2022-01-18
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.02.008
分类号：U664.21
基金项目：国家科技重大专项（2017-IV-0006-0043）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51839005）
作者简介：国玉阔(1996-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为船舶动力装置性能分析及振动噪声控制
