为研究船舶在航行过程中质子交换膜（PEM）燃料电池的动态特性。基于船舶混合动力系统模型建立PEM燃料电池系统集总参数模型，根据船舶航行典型工况，对PEM燃料电池的动态特性进行仿真分析。结果表明在船舶启动、靠离泊航程中，PEM燃料电池电堆工作温度存在明显的滞后性，导致活化过电压、欧姆过电压、浓差过电压存在着明显的过冲现象，从而使得燃料电池输出电压滞后。在船舶负载大幅度变化时，氢气压力、氧气压力和其他组分气体出现大范围变化。本文的研究结果对船用PEM燃料电池控制系统的性能分析、优化设计和实时控制具有一定的指导意义。
In order to study the dynamic characteristics of proton exchange membrane ( PEM ) fuel cells during ship navigation. Based on the ship hybrid system model, the lumped parameter model of PEM fuel cell system is established. According to the typical working conditions of ship navigation, the dynamic characteristics of PEM fuel cell are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the working temperature of PEM fuel cell stack has obvious hysteresis during ship start-up and berthing, which leads to obvious overshoot of activation overvoltage, ohmic overvoltage and concentration overvoltage, so that the output voltage of fuel cell lags behind. When the ship load changes significantly, the hydrogen pressure, oxygen pressure and other component gases change in a wide range. The research results of this paper have certain guiding significance for the performance analysis, optimization design and real-time control of marine PEM fuel cell control system.
2023,45(2): 109-117 收稿日期：2022-02-20
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.02.020
分类号：U674.925
基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB2601601)
作者简介：冷帅振(1995-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为燃料电池船舶动力技术
