氢能船舶开发是未来全球航运业实现节能减排目标的重要方式之一，而氢气存储技术是燃料电池船舶开发整个环节的关键。目前，高压气态储氢、低温液态储氢、金属氢化物储氢技术在国内外燃料电池船舶领域均有成功的示范案例，其中以高压气态储氢应用最为广泛。本文阐述现有储氢方式在船舶领域的应用情况，分析各种储氢方式的优缺点以及未来发展趋势，提出了液态储氢、金属氢化物储氢等高储氢密度的储氢方式是燃料电池船舶快速发展重要条件的结论。
Hydrogen ship development is one of the important ways for the global shipping industry to achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction in the future, and hydrogen storage technology is the key to the whole link of fuel cell ship development. At present, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage and metal hydride hydrogen storage technologies have successful demonstration cases in the field of fuel cell ships at home and abroad, among which high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is the most widely used. This paper expounds the application of existing hydrogen storage methods in the field of ships, analyzes the advantages, disadvantages and future development trend of various hydrogen storage methods, and puts forward the conclusion that high hydrogen storage density hydrogen storage methods such as liquid hydrogen storage and metal hydride hydrogen storage are important conditions for the rapid development of fuel cell ships.
2023,45(3): 6-12 收稿日期：2022-02-28
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.03.002
分类号：U677.6
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779025)
作者简介：马峻峰(1998-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为氢能船舶安全
