收集和整理实际加注的多种低硫燃油样品，研究不同黏度低硫燃油对低速船机燃烧过程的影响，详细分析和对比燃烧过程中气缸套壁面附近高温区域的变化。结果表明：低硫燃油黏度分布跨度较大，且整体低于高硫燃油；不同黏度低硫燃油对低速船机缸内燃烧压力的影响不明显，但对放热率曲线及缸内平均温度存在一定影响；低速船机气缸套壁面在约11.5～60 °CA之间都会持续受到高温影响，且壁面附近高温区域体积呈现先快速增加后逐渐减小趋势；低硫燃油的黏度越低，其燃烧过程中壁面附近高温区域占比越大，且持续时间越长，低黏度低硫燃油引发气缸套异常磨损的趋势更明显。
A variety of low-sulfur fuel oil samples actually filled in the port were collected and sorted, and the effects of low-sulfur fuel oil of different viscosity on the combustion process of low-speed marine engine were studied. The changes in the high temperature area near the cylinder liner wall during the combustion process were analyzed and compared in detail. The results show that the low-sulfur fuel oil has a larger viscosity distribution span, and is generally lower than that of high-sulfur fuel oil. The influence of low-sulfur fuel oil with different viscosities on the in-cylinder combustion pressure of the low-speed ship engine is not obvious, but it has a certain influence on the heat release rate curve and the average in-cylinder temperature. The in-cylinder wall surface of the low-speed marine engine is continuously affected by high temperature between about 11.5～60 °CA, and the volume of the high temperature area near the wall shows a trend of first rapid increase and then gradually decreasing. The lower the viscosity of low-sulfur fuel oil, the larger the proportion of high temperature area near the wall during the combustion process, and the longer the duration. Compared with high-viscosity low-sulfur fuel, low-viscosity low-sulfur fuel has a more obvious tendency to cause abnormal wear of cylinder liner.
2023,45(4): 85-90 收稿日期：2022-02-18
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.04.017
分类号：U664.121；TK402
基金项目：上海船舶智能运维与能效监控工程技术研究中心项目（20DZ2252300）；上海高水平地方高校创新团队（海事安全与保障）项目
作者简介：刘苏博(1993-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事低速船机缸内燃烧过程研究
参考文献：
[1] LU X, GENG P, CHEN Y. NOx emission reduction technology for marine engine based on Tier-III: a review [J]. Journal of Thermal Science, 2020, 29(5): 27.
[2] 张伟刚, 程晓夏, 佟佳洋, 等. 柴油硫含量对柴油机使用的影响[J]. 船舶与海洋工程, 2015, 31(2): 48–51
[3] 张楚. 柴油车尾气致癌WHO专家日前发表了此类声明[J]. 汽车与配件, 2012(26): 32–33
[4] LEE Y, NAM J. Performance and emission characteristics of additives-enhanced heavy fuel oil in large two-stroke marine diesel engine [J]. Fuel, 2016, 182: 850-865.
[5] 葛蕴珊, 李兰, 关敏, 等. 硫含量对配备POC的柴油机颗粒物排放影响研究[J]. 内燃机工程, 2016, 37(2): 83–87
[6] 孔莉, 西田修身, 藤田浩嗣, 等. 燃油中硫含量对颗粒物排放和气体排放的影响[J]. 柴油机, 2006(5): 24–28
KONG L, NISHIDA O, FUJITA H, et al. Effects of sulfur content in the fuel oil on particulate matter (PM) formation and exhaust gas characteristic[J]. Diesel Engine, 2006(5): 24–28
[7] 傅毅能. 从国际防污染公约, 看船用柴油机的排放[C]//船舶防污染学术年会, 2010.
[8] 浦卫华, 黄立, 王昌庆, 等. 低硫燃油在船用中速柴油机上的应用[J]. 柴油机, 2020, 42(3): 1–5+10
[9] 陈强, 邱岸墩. 柴油机换用低硫燃油的实例探析[J]. 船海工程, 2012, 41(6): 65–67
[10] 董建德. 船舶燃用低硫油的应对措施[J]. 天津航海, 2015(3): 16–18
[11] 孙潮. 纳米燃油热物性参数及悬浮液滴蒸发特性研究[D]. 镇江: 江苏大学, 2019.
[12] 解茂昭. 内燃机计算燃烧学[M]. 大连: 大连理工大学出版社, 2005.
[13] LIU H, ZHANG H, HU W, et al. A numerical study on combustion and emission characteristics of marine engine through miller cycle coupled with egr and water emulsified fuel [C]//Proceedings of the Sae International Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting, 2016.
[14] WEI H, CHEN X, WANG G, et al. Effect of swirl flow on spray and combustion characteristics with heavy fuel oil under two-stroke marine engine relevant conditions[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017: 302–314
[15] MCGRAWHILL. Internal combustion engine fundamentals [M]. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, 1988.
[16] SUN X, LIANG X, SHU G, et al. Development of a reduced n-tetradecane–polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mechanism for application to two-stroke marine diesel engines[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2017, 31(1): 941–952
[17] BEALE J C, REITZ R D. Modeling spray atomization with the Kelvin-Helmholtz/Rayleigh-Taylor hybrid model[J]. Atomization and Sprays, 1999, 9(6): 623–650
[18] NAGLE J, STRICKLAND-CONSTABLE R F. Oxidation of Carbon between 1000-2000℃[J]. Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Carbon, 1962: 154–164
[19] HIROYASU H, KADOTA T. Models for combustion and formation of nitric oxide and soot in direct injection diesel engines[C]//SAE Paper, 1976.
[20] KYRIAKIDES N, CHRYSSAKIS C, KAIKTSIS L. Influence of heavy fuel properties on spray atomization for marine diesel engine applications[C]//Proceedings of the Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting, 2009.
[21] ECKERT E, VANěK T. Improvements in the selection of real components forming a substitute mixture for petroleum fractions[J]. Chemical Papers, 2009, 63(4): 399–405
[22] WAUQUIER J P, SMITH D H. Crude oil, petroleum products, process flowsheets [J]. 1995.
[23] 中国海事服务中心组织编写. 主推进动力装置[M]. 大连: 大连海事大学出版社, 2012.
