中高来流速度下传统玻璃钢制透声窗受湍流脉动压力激励，将产生较大的流激振动噪声，严重制约了声呐基阵的正常工作。为了改善透声窗结构流激振动噪声的影响，本文借鉴具有减振作用的多层橡胶结构形式，采用高比强度的碳纤维及铝合金材料，与高透声的橡胶材料，组成4 层碳纤维橡胶结构形式来改善透声窗流激振动噪声问题。通过有限元法验证了该结构的透声性能并进行流激噪声性能数值计算，结果显示4 层碳-铝橡胶形式透声窗结构在满足透声性能的前提下，其流激振声特性优于传统玻璃钢透声窗，为碳纤维橡胶型透声窗在舰船上的推广应用提供了借鉴。
Under the medium and high flow velocity, the traditional FRP sound-transparent window is stimulated by turbulent pulsation pressure, which will produce large flow vibration noise, which seriously restricts the normal operation of sonar base array. In order to improve the influence of acoustic window structure, this paper draws on the multi-layer rubber structure with vibration damping, adopts carbon fiber and aluminum alloy materials with high specific strength, and high sound transparent rubber materials to form a four-layer carbon fiber rubber structure to improve the problem of sound transparent window flow vibration and noise. The results show that the four-layer carbon-aluminum rubber sound-transparent window structure has better the flow-excited sound characteristics than the traditional fiberglass sound-transparent window under the premise of satisfying the sound transmission performance, which provides a reference for the promotion and application of carbon fiber rubber sound-transparent window in ships.
2023,45(14): 26-32 收稿日期：2022-9-16
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.14.005
分类号：U668
基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51879125)；江苏省自然科学基金面上项目（BK20211342）；江苏省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目(18KJA580003)；江苏省“六大人才高峰”高层次人才项目(2018-KTHY-033)
作者简介：范依澄(1993-),女,硕士,助理实验师,研究方向为船舶结构强度、检测等。
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