自主性是海上无人系统的主要特征和发展趋势，围绕自主性，本文综述美军对无人系统自主性的研究现状和作战运用情况，对自主性等级评估方法进行归纳总结，分析自主性的各种关键支撑技术。针对自主性的作战牵引问题，提出基于无人自主系统的作战环模型，分别在态势感知、态势理解、决策、行动4个作战阶段对无人系统自主性的作战价值进行探讨，为无人系统自主技术的策略发展和作战运用提供思路和借鉴。
Autonomy is the main feature and development trend of maritime unmanned systems, focusing on autonomy, this paper summarizes the research status and operational application of the U.S. military on the autonomy of unmanned systems, summarizes the evaluation method of autonomy level, and analyzes various key technologies of autonomy. Aiming at the problem of autonomous operation traction, an operation loop model based on unmanned autonomous systems is proposed, and the operation value of the autonomy of unmanned systems is discussed in the four stages including situational awareness, situational understanding, decision-making, and action. Provide ideas and reference for the strategic development and operation application of unmanned autonomous systems.
2023,45(19): 201-205 收稿日期：2022-07-13
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2023.19.039
分类号：TP18
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（61871244）
作者简介：温亮(1984-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为无人系统与智能计算
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